<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123</id><updated>2011-04-21T15:28:21.438-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>45</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-7065790961398346858</id><published>2007-05-19T19:16:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-09-14T15:39:31.450-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado &lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/rede-de-informaes-virtuais-sobre.html" target="_blanc"&gt;"Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais"&lt;/a&gt;, produzido no âmbito do &lt;a href="http://www.estacio.br/graduacao/relacoes_internacionais/index2.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;Curso de Relações Internacionais&lt;/a&gt; da &lt;a href="http://www.estacio.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;Universidade Estácio de Sá&lt;/a&gt; (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil) e do &lt;a href="http://www.uv.es/idh/cas/index.wiki" target="_blanc"&gt;Institut de Drets Humans&lt;/a&gt; da &lt;a href="http://www.uv.es/~webuv/castellano/index.php" target="_blanc"&gt;Universitat de València&lt;/a&gt; (Espanha).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;O crédito pelo desenho ao lado é do italiano Gianni Chiostri.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ff0000;"&gt;Processo de Seleção para iniciação científica do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá. Clique &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/10.html"&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ffcc00;"&gt;aqui&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ffcc00;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div id="logo"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a title="HOME" href="http://www.gfmd-fmmd.org/en/global-forum-migration-and-development" target="_blanc"&gt;&lt;img height="74" alt="Global Forum on Migration &amp;amp; Development" src="http://www.gfmd-fmmd.org/themes/garland/images/logo_gfmd.gif" width="374" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a title="RI" href="http://www.estacio.br/graduacao/relacoes_internacionais/index2.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;&lt;img height="71" alt="Relações Internacionais - UNESA" src="http://www.estacio.br/graduacao/relacoes_internacionais/img/topo02.gif" width="153" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a title="Institut de Drets Humans" href="http://www.uv.es/idh/cas/index.wiki" target="_blanc"&gt;&lt;img height="71" alt="Institut de Drets Humans" src="http://www.uv.es/drets/images/index.1.jpg" width="120" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a title="València" href="http://www.uv.es/~webuv/castellano/index.php" target="_blanc"&gt;&lt;img height="71" alt="Universitat de València" src="http://www.uv.es/~webuv/castellano/images/escudo.gif" width="71" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-7065790961398346858?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7065790961398346858'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7065790961398346858'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_19.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-9053398723105385127</id><published>2007-05-19T18:59:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T19:13:37.085-03:00</updated><title type='text'>[NIEM] EUA</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Debate sobre direitos de trabalhadores imigrantes no 1º de maio&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Acordo entre Congresso e Casa Branca quanto a reforma da imigração&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Empresários da construção civil pressionam por reforma na lei de imigração&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Artigo: “Free Markets Need Free People” - Gordon H. Hanson&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Projeto de “muro virtual” de alta tecnologia contra migração na fronteira com o Arizona&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Comunidades em Naco fazem “festa binacional” dos dois lados da fronteira&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Maioria de agentes de imigração na fronteira com México tem origem mexicana&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Preconceito contra imigrantes muçulmanos&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Relatório do Centro Southern Poverty Law sobre desrespeito a direitos de trabalhadores imigrantes temporários&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Uso de tecnologia biométrica em controle da imigração&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Livro: “Guest Workers or Colonized Labor: Mexican Labor Migration to the United States” - Gilbert G. Gonzalez&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Folha de São Paulo, 01/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0105200709.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0105200709.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Imigração domina 1º de Maio nos EUA&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Entidades querem aproveitar a data para pressionar o Congresso a aprovar uma reforma; Bush defende iniciativaNovos estudos sugerem maior integração dos sem-documentos e mais tolerância também; anistia geral e irrestrita é rejeitada&lt;br /&gt;SÉRGIO DÁVILADE WASHINGTON Entidades de direitos civis aproveitam o Dia do Trabalho, hoje, para convocar manifestações pró-imigrantes em diversas cidades dos EUA, da capital a Los Angeles, de Miami a Nova York. Apesar de o feriado mundial não ser celebrado no mesmo dia no país, a idéia é aproveitar a data para pressionar o Congresso a aprovar uma reforma imigratória.&lt;br /&gt;Junto da Guerra do Iraque, a imigração promete mobilizar os debates da corrida presidencial de 2008 e é um dos poucos temas em que não há consenso nem mesmo dentro dos partidos. Durante sua visita à América Latina, em março, George W. Bush sugeriu pela primeira vez um prazo para que democratas e republicanos apresentassem legislação que ele pudesse assinar: agosto.&lt;br /&gt;Com o fracasso na condução do conflito no Iraque e menos de dois anos para deixar o poder, o presidente republicano acredita que o legado de sua Presidência pode ser achar uma solução para os 12 milhões de não-americanos que vivem sem documento nos EUA e regras claras para os que desejam vir trabalhar no país. No fim de semana, retomou sua cruzada para convencer o Congresso.No sábado, em seu programa de rádio semanal, disse: "Sei que as pessoas têm convicções fortes sobre esse assunto, mas acredito que nós podemos ter um debate sério, civilizado e conclusivo". Depois, reforçaria a uma platéia de estudantes universitários em Miami: "Devemos lidar com todos os elementos desse problema ao mesmo tempo -ou nenhum deles será resolvido".&lt;br /&gt;A base da proposta de Bush é um "programa de trabalhadores convidados", que viriam aos EUA com uma estadia predeterminada, para realizar trabalhos que os americanos não querem. Nesse período, poderiam mandar seus ganhos ao seu país de origem e pagariam imposto reduzido. Quanto aos milhões que já estão no país, o presidente defende avaliação caso a caso.&lt;br /&gt;Um dos pontos da discórdia é em relação à anistia: os manifestantes querem perdão automático aos que já estão no país, o que "não vai acontecer", segundo Bush.&lt;br /&gt;Apesar da temperatura do tema, os organizadores das manifestações de hoje não esperam a mesma mobilização do ano passado, quando cerca de 1 milhão de pessoas foram às ruas.Consenso controverso&lt;br /&gt;Mobilizado ou não, o grupo é alvo de estudos recentes que ajudam a desmontar alguns mitos. Segundo o relatório "Solving our Immigration Problem - From Controversy to Consensus" (resolvendo nosso problema de imigração - da controvérsia ao consenso), de Roger F. Noriega e Megan Davy, quase metade dos que se encontram nessa situação no país hoje entraram legalmente e se tornaram ilegais ao não saírem.&lt;br /&gt;Ainda segundo o levantamento, 50% dos eleitores republicanos apoiam a permanência dos imigrantes que já estão no país, desde que sejam legalizados. O estudo, do conservador American Enterprise Institute, usa dados de levantamentos feitos pelos institutos de pesquisa Gallup e Pew Hispanic Center para propor soluções bipartidárias.&lt;br /&gt;"Os americanos achamos que todos os imigrantes sem documentos cruzaram a fronteira ilegalmente", disse à Folha por e-mail Megan Davy, do AEI. "Esse engano só é reforçado pela mídia ao mostrar pessoas pulando muros."&lt;br /&gt;Ela elenca dez pontos básicos para que uma reforma imigratória seja aceita por ambos os lados do espectro político, que podem ser resumidos assim: legalizar imigrantes que vivem aqui só vai ajudá-los a se tornar menos vulneráveis a exploração e evitar, assim, que diminuam o salário médio geral; não é viável deportar 12 milhões de pessoas, mas imigrantes que tentarem entrar no país ilegalmente a partir da aprovação da lei devem ser impedidos. Por razões econômicas, o programa de trabalho temporário deveria ser criado; e anistia geral e irrestrita a todos os que já estão no país não é uma opção.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;==================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;24 Horas News, 08/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.24horasnews.com.br/index.php?tipo=ler&amp;mat=216104" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.24horasnews.com.br/index.php?tipo=ler&amp;amp;mat=216104&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Congresso dos EUA e Casa Branca anunciam acordo sobre imigração&lt;br /&gt;Redação 24HorasNews&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Negociadores do governo do presidente George W. Bush e do Congresso dos Estados Unidos chegaram a um acordo sobre as grandes linhas de um projeto de reforma da imigração, anunciou nesta terça-feira o senador republicano Arlen Specter, número dois da Comissão de Justiça, durante uma sessão do Senado. O senador precisou, no entanto, que o texto não estava totalmente pronto, e solicitou que a liderança da Casa adiasse a abertura do debate, prevista para a próxima semana. "Ainda não estamos prontos para debater o texto a partir de segunda-feira", destacou. Estas declarações acontecem uma semana depois de uma jornada na qual milhares de manifestantes foram às ruas em várias cidades para exigir uma reforma da imigração e direitos para quase 12 milhões de pessoas que vivem ilegalmente nos Estados Unidos. O presidente George W. Bush pede uma reforma "global" das leis de imigração e defende um projeto que vincule o reforço das fronteiras com a luta contra a imigração e o trabalho clandestinos, mas também a regularização de parte dos imigrantes. Segundo Specter, as intensas negociações entre senadores republicanos e democratas com funcionários da Casa Branca permitiram chegar a um consenso sobre vários pontos essenciais. Entre eles, sobre como "devemos proteger nossas fronteiras" - seria levantado um muro para separar os Estados Unidos do México nas zonas urbanas, e o número de guardas na fronteira duplicaria para passar de 6.000 a 12.000 homens. Para lutar contra o trabalho clandestino, seria criado um novo documento de identidade impossível de ser falsificado. Sobre o controvertido ponto da regularização de imigrantes ilegais, Specter afirmou que os negociadores rejeitaram "a idéia de uma anistia". A regularização só poderia ser efetuada com algumas condições: pagamento retroativo de impostos, integração na sociedade, nível de fluência na língua inglesa, emprego, entre outras.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;===========================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Achei USA, 10/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.acheiusa.com/acheiusa/arquivo/0159/materias/achei-imigracao5.asp" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.acheiusa.com/acheiusa/arquivo/0159/materias/achei-imigracao5.asp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Construção civil pressiona Congresso a aprovar reforma&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Setor sente efeitos da falta de mão-de-obra&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Os maiores construtores dos Estados Unidos já sentem os efeitos negativos da escassez de mão-de-obra e, bastante preocupados, se mobilizam para sensibilizar o Congresso a aprovar a reforma imigratória. A maior preocupação do setor é que os legisladores aprovem, o mais rápido possível, uma lei que permita legalizar todos os trabalhadores que já vivem ilegalmente no país.A crise vem atingindo o mercado da construção civil e afins devido a uma combinação de fatores: envelhecimento da força laboral, baixa taxa de natalidade dos norte-americanos e o enrijecimento das leis imigratórias, que impedem a contratação massiva de imigrantes.A menos que seja aprovada uma reforma ou surja uma “mão-de-obra alternativa”, o setor deve amargar um futuro bem difícil.Uma carta com as “preocupações” do setor foi entregue à presidente do Sub-comitê de Imigração da Câmara de Representantes, a deputada Zoe Lofgren. A carta continha o aval de mais de 24 mil empresários, que fazem parte da ABC – Associação de Construtores e Contratistas.A câmara já iniciou os debates acerca dos problemas imigratórios do país. Na semana passada os deputados falaram sobre a anistia de 1986, discutindo o que foi bom e o que foi ruim nas medidas adotas no passado, para evitar equívocos na nova reforma.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;=========================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Yale Global, 23/04/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=9087" target="_blank"&gt;http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/display.article?id=9087&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Even as US politicians and consumers decry any illegalities associated with immigration, the US economy is hooked on the conveniences that accompany cheap labor. For unskilled workers, illegal immigration is easier and provides more immediate awards than legal immigration, argues Gordon Hanson of the Center on Pacific Economies. Rigid guest-worker policies combined with strict enforcement drive more people toward illegal entry, increasing costs for employers and limiting mobility of workers. He proposes a realistic and bold immigration-reform plan for a nation lacking workers willing to perform unskilled labor – a temporary guest-worker program in the form of global temp agencies and an auction system for issuing visas to employers in need of labor. Hanson urges policymakers to allow free-market forces to work by assisting workers in entering the country cheaply, legally and safely. – YaleGlobal&lt;br /&gt;Free Markets Need Free People&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Gordon H. Hanson&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Wall Street Journal, 23 April 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If there is one point of consensus in the fraught politics of immigration, it is that illegal immigration is bad. Yesterday, President Bush voiced his support for tough enforcement at the U.S.-Mexico border and called on Congress to resolve the status of the 12 million illegal immigrants now in the country. Last week, Rep. Tom Tancredo (R., Colo.) entered the presidential race, promising to make resentment of illegal immigrants a major campaign issue. And yet, from a purely economic perspective, illegal immigration is arguably preferable to legal immigration.&lt;br /&gt;Because Congress and the president refuse to see this, further reform this year could make a bad situation worse.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Illegal immigration is persistent because it has a strong economic rationale. Low-skilled workers are increasingly scarce in the U.S. while they are still abundant in Mexico, Central America and elsewhere. As the Bush administration has said repeatedly, impeding illegal immigration, without creating other avenues for legal entry, would conflict with market forces that push labor from low-wage countries to the high-wage U.S. labor market.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The acceptance of these market pressures is behind proposals for a large-scale expansion of temporary legal immigration. But simply handing out more temporary visas won't be enough to staunch illegal immigration, because the illegal route is for the moment vastly more efficient than the cumbersome legal system. Illegal immigration responds to economic signals in ways that legal immigration does not. Illegal migrants tend to arrive in larger numbers when the U.S. economy is booming and move to regions where job growth is strong. Legal immigration, in contrast, is subject to bureaucratic delays, which tend to disassociate legal inflows from U.S. labor-market conditions. The lengthy visa application process requires employers to plan their hiring far in advance. Once here, guest workers cannot easily move between jobs, limiting their benefit to the U.S. economy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An expanded guest-worker program, with highly regulated inflows of temporary, low-skilled foreign labor, would be unlikely to attract much interest from U.S. employers; a cumbersome legal channel would rather give them an incentive to continue hiring illegals. Were new legislation to combine stronger border and interior enforcement with an unattractive guest-worker program, it would be pitting policy reform against itself. Stronger enforcement would deter illegal immigration; a cumbersome guest worker program would encourage it. Only one of these components would be likely to survive in the long run.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rather than merely expanding the number of temporary visas, Congress should redesign temporary immigration from the ground up. Successful reform would have to mimic current beneficial aspects of illegal immigration. Employers would have to be able to hire the types of workers they desire, when they desire. One way to achieve this would be for the Department of Homeland Security to sanction the creation of global temp agencies, in which U.S. employers posted ads for jobs and foreign workers applied to fill them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Matching foreign workers to U.S. employers efficiently would require flexibility in the number of guest workers admitted -- and one way to make the number of visas sensitive to market signals would be to auction the right to hire a guest worker to U.S. employers. The auction price for visas that clears the market would reflect the supply of and demand for foreign guest workers. An increase in the auction price signals the need to expand the number of visas; a decline in the price indicates that the number of visas could be reduced.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps the most important provision of any new visa program would be to allow guest workers to move between jobs in the United States. Without mobility between employers, guest workers would lack the attractiveness of illegal laborers. They would also be exposed to abuse by unscrupulous bosses. One way to facilitate mobility for guest workers would be to allow existing visa holders to apply for new job postings, along with prospective guest workers abroad. Guest workers could move between industries and regions of the country as economic conditions change.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Making immigration more responsive to the market would not be easy to implement, either administratively or politically. However, absent a boldly redesigned guest-worker program, temporary legal immigrants would be unlikely to displace illegal labor. In the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, Congress voted to increase enforcement against the hiring of illegals without creating a mechanism for the continued inflow of legal, low-skilled labor. Under steady pressure from business, the government ultimately gutted or redirected IRCA's major enforcement provisions. The end result was that illegal labor has continued to find a way into the country.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As Congress again wrestles with immigration reform, one would hope that it will pay heed to the failures of the past by creating a framework that allows for the dynamic participation of legal immigrant workers in the U.S. economy. Otherwise, the U.S. is likely to find itself with even larger illegal populations in the very near future.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Gordon Hanson is director of the Center on Pacific Economies at the University of California, San Diego. This op-ed is adapted from a new study published by the Council on Foreign Relations (www.cfr.org/illegal_immigration).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;=============================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Folha de São Paulo, 02/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0205200710.htm" target="_blank"&gt;http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/mundo/ft0205200710.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Manifestações por direitos dos imigrantes nos EUA encolhem&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;RANDAL C. ARCHIBOLD E JOHN HOLUSHADO "NEW YORK TIMES", EM LOS ANGELES&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dezenas de milhares de imigrantes e seus defensores se uniram em diversos pontos dos EUA ontem para pedir a redução das deportações e a legalização da situação de estimadas 12 milhões de pessoas que estariam vivendo e trabalhando no país sem a documentação correta. No entanto, como defensores da causa discordavam sobre se protestar tem trazido alguma vantagem, as manifestações foram menores do que em anos anteriores.&lt;br /&gt;Os protestos chamaram a atenção para recentes ações de agentes da imigração e para as negociações, no Congresso, sobre uma reforma da legislação imigratória, no momento empacadas.&lt;br /&gt;"O clima político no ano passado era passional, enérgico, dramático", afirmou Armando Navarro, professor de estudos étnicos da Universidade da Califórnia em Riverside. "Neste ano o clima é de incerteza, dúvida, medo -o que não encoraja a participação e impede, de muitos modos, as pessoas de participarem", emendou.&lt;br /&gt;Alguns organizadores das passeatas afirmaram que a ação da polícia fez os imigrantes ilegais ficarem com receio de participar das manifestações, apesar de, nos últimos anos, os protestos terem contado com mais residentes legais também.&lt;br /&gt;Em Chicago, uma das cidades onde houve as maiores manifestações, cerca de 150 mil pessoas protestaram, de acordo com a polícia. Em 2006 eram aproximadamente 500 mil os manifestantes&lt;br /&gt;Enquanto no ano passado Washington foi o cenário de manifestações gigantescas, neste ano só umas poucas centenas de pessoas saíram às ruas da cidade.&lt;br /&gt;Em Los Angeles, as autoridades se prepararam para grandes multidões, mas o número de manifestantes foi menor que na marcha do ano passado, porque lideranças religiosas e civis aconselharam as pessoas este ano a não sair de seu trabalho ou da escola e a trabalhar pela cidadania.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;====================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New York Times, 21/04/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mudando de posição sobre a imigração, candidato Giuliani fala duroMarc Santora e Sam Roberts Em Des Moines, IowaRudolph W. Giuliani está longe de Ellis Island. Há uma década, como prefeito de Nova York, Giuliani usou aquele cenário histórico para defender a causa dos imigrantes, chamando os ataques às pessoas que chegavam aqui legalmente de um golpe ao "coração e alma da América". E na prefeitura ele freqüentemente defendia os imigrantes ilegais, lutando por medidas para facilitar o caminho deles rumo à cidadania.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mas agora ele está concorrendo à presidência e as políticas de imigração no mundo pós-11 de setembro estão muito diferentes, com a questão dividindo o Partido Republicano e os eleitores enchendo Giuliani de perguntas durante a campanha sobre seu pensamento a respeito. Talvez mais do que qualquer outro candidato, Giuliani apresenta um retrospecto em imigração com potencial de complicar sua pré-candidatura.Diferente de seus anos como prefeito, quando lutou contra os esforços federais para restringir os serviços educacionais e hospitalares para os imigrantes ilegais, ele agora fala em penas para pessoas que estejam aqui ilegalmente e da exigência para que esperem no final da fila. E enquanto antes defendia políticas como fornecimento de ensino para os filhos de imigrantes ilegais dizendo, "a realidade é que eles estão aqui e vão permanecer aqui", agora ele enfatiza a negação da anistia.Nos anos 90, Giuliani via o grande número de imigrantes da cidade como parte integral da força de trabalho e uma chave politicamente potente para o ressurgimento de uma Nova York em dificuldades. Agora, seus assessores dizem que seu pensamento básico não mudou, mas que sua ênfase mudou para refletir os tempos."A reforma da imigração precisa começar com a segurança da fronteira porque somos uma nação em guerra", disse Anthony V. Carbonetti, um alto assessor político que trabalhou com Giuliani por 15 anos. "Ele ainda se orgulha muito das pessoas quererem vir para este país."Por ora, Giuliani está se apoiando em sua reputação como um prefeito da lei e da ordem para convencer os eleitores que reprimirá a imigração ilegal. Como indicou no passado, ele disse que será receptivo a imigrantes dispostos a aprender a língua, respeitar a cultura e cumprir a lei.Durante sua campanha por todo país nas últimas semanas, Giuliani, cujos avôs vieram da Itália, nunca tratou do assunto da imigração de forma espontânea, mas os eleitores persistiam em trazer o assunto à tona.Tradução: George El Khouri Andolfato&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[notícia enviada por Miriam de Oliveira Santos]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;==============================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mohave Daily News, 26/04/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mohavedailynews.com/articles/2007/04/28/news/state/state3.txt" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.mohavedailynews.com/articles/2007/04/28/news/state/state3.txt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;‘Virtual wall' will detect illegal crossings in Arizona&lt;br /&gt;MEXICO CITY (AP) - A high-tech ‘‘virtual wall'' will detect more than 95 percent of illegal crossings at the busiest jumping-off point along the U.S.-Mexico border, the U.S. Border Patrol chief said Thursday.In a videoconference with reporters in Mexico, David Aguilar predicted the so-called ‘‘virtual wall'' of lights, ground sensors and cameras - reinforced by more agents - will essentially halt illegal crossings along the Arizona border, the busiest section for clandestine entries.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Officials expect to complete 28 miles of the high-tech system in Arizona by June, and by next year it should run into New Mexico and parts of Texas.Eventually, the integrated system will cover sections along the entire border, from San Diego to Brownsville, Texas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;‘‘We will be able to identify, detect and classify more than 95 percent of illegal entries with the virtual wall,'' Aguilar said.Detentions along the U.S.-Mexico border already have dropped by 30 percent from October 2006 to this week, compared to the same period last year, Aguilar said - a reduction officials attribute to fewer attempted crossings. In 2006, 1.1 million migrants were detained.He attributed the fall to President Bush's deployment of 6,000 National Guard troops to the border, the addition of more than 700 Border Patrol agents this fiscal year and new strategies.Along a 210-mile stretch in west Texas, detentions have dropped 65 percent since the start of a federal project called Operation Streamline, which jails and prosecutes any illegal immigrant caught crossing there.Aguilar said far fewer immigrants have been seen at traditional staging points in Mexico and that agents have not seen a shift to new crossing areas along the border.Congress has approved 700 miles of fence for the border and has allowed officials to decide whether to build metal fences or virtual walls.Aguilar expects most of the distance will be covered by the virtual barrier, with metal walls kept to a minimum.The U.S. government is adding 70 miles of metal walls this year and 225 miles next year. The barriers are being built primarily in Arizona, which has seen the largest flow of illegal migrants since a U.S. crackdown in Texas and California more than a decade ago funneled people into its remote desert.Mexican President Felipe Calderon has likened the barriers to the Berlin Wall.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Herald (Sierra Vista, Arizona), 15/04/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.svherald.com/articles/2007/04/15/local_news/news1.txt" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.svherald.com/articles/2007/04/15/local_news/news1.txt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fiesta unites neighbors with fun&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By Jonathan Clark&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Herald/ReviewNACO — A wrought-iron border fence that divides the U.S. and Mexican towns of Naco became the centerpiece of a bi-national fiesta Saturday that celebrated unity and friendship between the two communities.&lt;br /&gt;ABOVE: The Mexican side of the border wall can be seen as Charlie Hill blows a conch as he and two other Temazcal elders perform a ceremony to six points, east, west, north, south, Mother Earth and the sky in support of Saturday's binational fiesta on the U.S.-Mexico border in Naco, Sonora, and Naco, Ariz. (Mark Levy-Herald/Review)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At least 300 people from both sides of the border gathered at a section of train-rail fencing approximately a mile west of the Naco Port of Entry for a vibrant party that culminated with the participants joining hands across the barrier and singing “We Shall Overcome” in Spanish as an emcee bellowed “Viva Mexico! Viva Estados Unidos!”“The ideal would be a world without borders,” said Lorenzo Villegas, mayor of Naco, Sonora, and a principal organizer of the event.“But even with a wall separating the United States and Mexico, we are still neighbors and brothers and so it is important that there are opportunities like this for us to come together.”At various times during the festivities, the 2 1/2-foot-high fence served as an easel for a children’s art project, the base for a volleyball net, or simply a place for partygoers to set down their soft drinks as they passed freely back and forth through gaps in the barrier.Alma Amaya, of Naco, Sonora, stood on the southern side of the border and watched as her 4-year-old daughter Elia dashed from one side of the fence to the other as she and a gaggle of other children colored a mural depicting people holding hands beneath a rainbow.“As a mother, I like that she gets to play with children from the other side and learn about a different culture,” Amaya said. “I wish they would have these fiestas three or four times a year.”But while her daughter barely seemed to notice the mini-border fence or the 12-foot, corrugated metal wall that it turned into just a few yards away, Amaya said she couldn’t help feeling put off by the barrier.“I don’t believe that such an enormous wall is really necessary,” she said. “I mean, you (Americans) don’t need a passport to come into our country, but we need one to go into yours. We trust you, so why don’t you trust us?”On the other side of the fence, Benson residents Peter Drake and Jean Labriloa-Drake watched as their 5-year-old son John Patrick made his best effort to join some bigger kids in a cross-border volleyball match.“The more of this kind of thing for kids, the better,” said Jean, before sprinting to catch John Patrick as he tried to crawl under the volleyball net into Mexico.“He wants to cross the border for a pineapple soda,” Jean explained. “Mommy doesn’t let him have soda on this side.”Shared food and drink was a big part of the day, and buffet tables were set up on either side of the fence. Hungry guests reached from one nation to another as they filled their plates with tacos, carne asada, salad and homemade pie.Meanwhile, a stage on the Mexican side featured a rotating lineup of folkloric dancers, guitar trios, rock bands and an Aztec dance troupe clad in feathered headdresses and concha (shell) anklets.“I think it’s really important for cultures to come together like this,” said John Manfrediz, who came to the fiesta from nearby Palominas with his wife Barbara. “I wish we had told all our friends to come.”Saturday’s bi-national fiesta was the first for the Manfredizes. Bisbee resident Susan Treiber came to her first fiesta in 2001 and read an original poem called “Manifest Destiny” in which she reflected on seeing Mexican migrants hiding in the brush along Highway 80 as she returned from a shopping trip to Douglas.Treiber kicked off Saturday’s festivities by reading the same poem, first in English, then in Spanish.The bi-national fiesta became an annual event after Villegas was first elected mayor in 2000. Mexican law, however, forbids mayors from serving consecutive three-year terms, and Villegas’ successor in 2003, Vicente Torres, showed little interest in continuing the tradition.Last July, Villegas was once again elected mayor, and the fiesta was reborn.“The first week Lorenzo was in office, he said to me, ‘When are we having another fiesta? A lot of people are asking about it,’ ” said Cecile Lumer of the Bisbee-based group Citizens for Border Solutions, which has co-organized the fiestas with Villegas.Emilie Vardaman, a member of Citizens for Border Solutions who lives in Naco, Ariz., said she met a number of new friends from Naco, Sonora, at previous fiestas. When she and her mates at Citizens for Border Solutions heard about Villegas’ desire to bring the fiesta back, they jumped at the chance to help out.“We did it for friendship and to show that Naco is really one community,” Vardaman said.Organizers of the fiesta wished to thank the following local businesses for their donations: Caf/ Roka, Dot’s Diner, Renaissance Pizza, Mimosa Market, Tacho’s Tacos, Turquoise Valley Golf Club, Food City of Sierra Vista, Staples of Sierra Vista and Beto’s Restaurant.HERALD/REVIEW reporter Jonthan Clark an be reached at 515-4693.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;USA Today, 07/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2007-05-07-oplede_N.htm?csp=34" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/2007-05-07-oplede_N.htm?csp=34&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A border agent (and immigrant) defies stereotypes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By Paulette Chu Miniter&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LAREDO, Texas — It is peak season for Mexican migrants looking to cross the Texas border for work this spring and summer. But in this southwestern city known as "the gateway to Mexico," more than 15,000 illegal immigrants have already been thwarted. Gino Rodriguez is a good part of the reason why.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;While driving along Laredo's dusty western border on a quiet morning, Rodriguez, 43, told me, "I feel I am serving the country. I'm serving my country by helping protect it."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Immigration from Mexico, legal or not, has long been considered a problem in the USA on the grounds that too many border-crossers aren't assimilating and becoming loyal citizens. Last week's immigrant protests around the country, in which some protesters waved Mexican flags alongside Old Glory, no doubt only fuel these suspicions. There are even those who warn of an impending plot to reannex the nation's southwestern states back to Mexico, no matter how far-fetched that might sound.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But the irony is that many of those who keep watch over our borders each day are, in fact, Mexican-American. Although the U.S. Border Patrol doesn't keep statistics on where its agents are born, agency spokesman Mario Martinez says at least 6,700 of the country's 12,800 Border Patrol agents identify themselves as Hispanic. Perhaps not surprisingly, the nation's highest-ranking Border Patrol agent, David Aguilar, also bears a Spanish surname.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On the front lines&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So, of course, does Rodriguez. He is the son of working-class Mexican immigrants, and many of his relatives still live across the border. Bucking the stereotype of the Mexican-flag-waving, non-English-speaking Latino, Rodriguez has been a proud member of the Border Patrol for 18 years. He has turned away drug smugglers, bandits, gang members and, frequently, illegal migrant workers from Mexico.&lt;br /&gt;Last year, Laredo's Border Patrol force, which is heavily Mexican-American, caught nearly 75,000 illegal migrants.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The work puts the country's many Mexican-American Border Patrol agents on the front lines of the immigration debate. Rodriguez said migrants often say to him,&lt;br /&gt;"C'mon, you're one of us. Aren't you Mexican?"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In truth, Rodriguez isn't Mexican. His family was Mexican. He considers himself "an American of Mexican heritage." The distinction can't be overstated. Despite the hand-wringing over immigrants not assimilating, there is a shared American identity. Being a U.S. citizen and rightfully belonging in this country is a great source of pride that many immigrants and their children take to heart.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;To be sure, Rodriguez has seen migrants on the verge of death, stranded by smugglers in midsummer when temperatures swell to more than 100 degrees. In Spanish, they plead to him for mercy. Shaking his head, Rodriguez said, "I understand their plight like any human being would," adding that his job "isn't just about catching people, it's about saving lives, too." The agency even has a special rescue team that treats migrants in distress. Even so, Rodriguez said, "I'm a U.S. citizen, and I swore to uphold the laws of this country."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Notwithstanding first-generation Americans such as Rodriguez, immigrants still tend to get a bad rap in surveys. A Pew Research Center poll a year ago found that 45% of Americans believe Latino immigrants "keep to themselves and don't try to fit in." This skewed view was in place well before the issue of immigration reform came to a public boiling point last spring, as thousands of immigrants filled the streets to protest the enforcement-only legislation passed by the House of Representatives. (Congress has yet to pass comprehensive immigration reform legislation.) In 2004, a joint poll by National Public Radio and the Kaiser Family Foundation found that more than one-third of Americans who aren't immigrants thought new immigrants "love America less" than those born here.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pride at the border&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But at least in this part of Texas, it is hard to believe that such perceptions are true. In Laredo, which is 94% Hispanic, locals embrace Border Patrol agents, who are fixtures in parades, schools and fundraisers. There is a strong sense of where America begins and Mexico ends.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Rodriguez himself is a dispassionate supporter of congressional plans to build a physical wall along the border. Indeed, later that day at the Border Patrol's city headquarters, where agents monitor the border via cameras and electronic sensors, we catch sight of a man wearing a black cowboy hat crossing from Mexico and into a Laredo neighborhood, where he briefly disappeared behind nearby houses.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"We could certainly have more control of our border. You can never be satisfied," Rodriguez said. "The truth is, the immigration problem was here when I came to the Border Patrol, and it will continue to be here after I'm gone. Because the magnet is here. Everybody wants to come to this country."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The immigration hard-liners tell us that even legal immigrants can't be wholly trusted to pledge allegiance to America. But what better sign that many immigrants are not only assimilating but faithfully so, than for the children and grandchildren of yesterday's newcomers to be today's protectors of our national borders.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Paulette Chu Miniter, a Phillips Foundation journalism fellow, is a writer in New York&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;====================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New York Times, 27/04/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Condenação de terrorismo repercute em comunidade de imigrantesNeil MacFarquharEm Lodi, CalifórniaKhalid Farooq tem evitado o bangalô amarelo que serve como mesquita da comunidade paquistanesa aqui há quase dois anos, desde que um pai e filho que adoravam lá foram presos sob suspeita de serem soldados da Al Qaeda.Sempre que vai a algum lugar como o Wal-Mart, longe das bem cuidadas ruas margeadas por árvores que formam o centro do bairro paquistanês de Lodi, Farooq troca suas roupas tradicionais por trajes americanos comuns, segundo ele até quatro vezes por dia."Algo mudou no ar, são tempos assustadores", disse Farooq, que veio para cá há 25 anos para trabalhar nos campos pretos e planos que cercam esta cidade. "Nós não queremos conversar, nós todos estamos com medo."A maré de medo avançou e nunca recuou após um informante ter incriminado dois homens de Lodi, Umer Hayat, um motorista de caminhão de sorvete, e seu filho Hamid, que foram presos em junho de 2005. O julgamento deles foi concluído há um ano, com o Hayat mais jovem, 24 anos, condenado por fornecer material de apoio para o terrorismo ao freqüentar um campo de treinamento no Paquistão. Seus advogados impetraram recentemente um pedido de novo julgamento sob o argumento de parcialidade do júri.Os membros da comunidade desconfiam uns dos outros quase tanto quanto de estranhos. Mesmo agora, moradores com sinais repentinos de riqueza, como um novo carro ou móveis, são imediatamente envolvidos em rumores de que estão na folha de pagamento do FBI. Qualquer coisa ligada ao governo fica automaticamente sob suspeita.Algumas pessoas suspenderam as visitas domésticas de agências de serviço social, outras não escrevem seus números do Seguro Social em documentos do governo. Alguns moradores que voltam para casa após visitarem o Paquistão evitam incluir seus endereços de Lodi em seus formulários americanos de imigração e alfândega."Você não diz a palavra 'terrorista', você não diz a palavra 'bomba', porque as orelhas das pessoas ficam em pé instantaneamente", disse Taj Khan, um engenheiro aposentado e um candidato fracassado à Câmara dos Vereadores de Lodi. "As pessoas olham umas para as outras com suspeita, para ver quem é informante do FBI, quem acusará quem?"Todas as acusações de terrorismo foram retiradas contra Umer Hayat, 48 anos, que foi condenado ao tempo já cumprido de prisão após se declarar culpado de mentir sobre o dinheiro que tirou do país.O caso contra Hamid Hayat foi construído com base em suas confissões assim como no depoimento do informante, que recebeu US$ 225 mil após contar ao FBI a história um tanto improvável de que o vice de Osama Bin Laden, Ayman al Zawahri, já visitou a mesquita de Lodi.Ninguém na comunidade paquistanesa daqui parece acreditar que os Hayats, ambos cidadãos americanos, são culpados de algo além de uma decisão ruim. Mesmo o promotor no caso, McGregor W. Scott, o procurador-geral federal do Distrito Leste da Califórnia, apesar de apoiar a condenação, expressou arrependimento de ter usado o rótulo da Al Qaeda.Mas isto não ajuda a diluir o senso de medo e isolamento. A população paquistanesa de Lodi, uma cidade de 62 mil habitantes a 116 km a leste de San Francisco, é uma espécie de anomalia. A maioria dos imigrantes paquistaneses vem para os Estados Unidos para buscar uma carreira profissional, para se tornarem doutores ou acadêmicos em grandes cidades. Mas muitos camponeses rurais passaram a vir para Lodi por volta de 1920, e os moradores dizem que 80% dos 2.500 muçulmanos da cidade são paquistaneses.Eles chegam como trabalhadores rurais e nunca realmente são assimilados, preservando seus modos tradicionais ao enviarem os jovens de volta ao Paquistão para casamentos arranjados."Nossos pais nos casam rápido demais - você se casa, não vai para a escola e não aprende nada", disse Usama Ismail, 21 anos, o primo mais jovem de Hayat e que às vezes tropeça nas palavras enquanto traduz as gírias de rua para o inglês. "Se você tiver um filho ou filha que está noivo no Paquistão, pelo menos um dos pais será analfabeto, e se o homem for analfabeto, ele certamente manterá isto entre as pessoas de casa."Robina Asghar foi uma noiva adolescente e às vezes fica nostálgica com o cheiro dos bosques de laranjeiras em sua aldeia natal. Mas ela tem diploma universitário aqui e se tornou uma assistente social."Nós somos tão temerosos em preservar a cultura que não construímos pontes para aprender a sobreviver em uma comunidade maior", disse Asghar. "Nós nos isolamos."Um dos elementos mais fortes de tal cultura é que homens e mulheres não se misturam em público. Muitas meninas paquistanesas em Lodi são tiradas da escola e ensinadas em casa assim que atingem a puberdade, disseram autoridades escolares. Não há restaurantes paquistaneses e apenas duas lojas, uma que vende tecidos e uma mercearia especializada em itens como farinha branca de trigo metade normal, metade integral, necessária para fazer o pão naan.Razia Farooq, a esposa de Farooq, vende rolos de tecido rosa, laranja e alfazema. As brincadeiras de cidade pequena dos outros moradores de Lodi desapareceram após as prisões, disse Razia, com qualquer mulher caminhando pela rua em roupas tradicionais provavelmente ouvindo "Por que você não volta para seu próprio país!", acompanhados de palavrões, dos veículos em trânsito.Sua loja não tem placas, e após as prisões ela instalou persianas porque os clientes temiam que qualquer um de passagem poderia notar os paquistaneses e fazer algo violento.A tensão cresceu até mesmo em uma divisão profunda pelo controle da mesquita - de fato, muitos suspeitam que uma facção pode ter trazido o FBI para manchar seus rivais. Dois imãs importados do Paquistão, os alvos iniciais da investigação federal envolvendo os Hayats, foram expulsos do país sob acusações de infrações de imigração. Uma facção os acusou de desenvolverem uma escola e centro islâmico que ensinariam o Islã radical. A outra facção acredita que o grupo que controla a mesquita tinha ciúmes do centro social, de forma que inventou a história e poderia igualmente denunciar outros."Há um monte de mentiras", disse Nick Qayyum, o secretário da mesquita. "As pessoas estão usando para seus próprios fins."O tumulto na mesquita toda sexta-feira levou ao seu abandono por vários fiéis há alguns meses, e eles agora realizam reuniões congregacionais de oração em uma igreja. Umer Hayat está entre eles.Outros preferiram se mudar, vendo a perspectiva de viver com parentes na Carolina do Norte e Texas como melhor do que serem manchados pelo que consideram uma reputação não merecida de Lodi."Assim que seu nome é manchado, eu não sei como é possível limpá-lo", disse Shakila Khan, que dirige programas sociais aqui. Tradução: George El Khouri Andolfato&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[notícia enviada por Rogério Haesbaert]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;===============================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;PICUM Boletim, abril 2007:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.picum.org/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.picum.org/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants - Brussels , Belgium)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Quase escravidão: Programas de Trabalhadores nos Estados Unidos”, pelo Centro Southern Poverty Law. Este relatório, produzido com base em entrevistas feitas com trabalhadores temporários, descreve o abuso sistemático de trabalhadores que estão sob o sistema conhecido como H-2, administrado pelo Departamento de Trabalho dos EUA. O programa foi criado em 1943 para permitir que a indústria da cana-de-açúcar trouxesse trabalhadores ao país e foi revisado pelo Congresso em 1986 para incluir trabalhadores que não actuam na agricultura. &lt;a href="http://www.splcenter.org/news/item.jsp?aid=247" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.splcenter.org/news/item.jsp?aid=247&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;=====================================&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Info, 08/05/07:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://info.abril.com.br/aberto/infonews/052007/08052007-4.shl" target="_blank"&gt;http://info.abril.com.br/aberto/infonews/052007/08052007-4.shl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;EUA reforçam uso da biometria na imigração&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SÃO PAULO - Os Estados Unidos vão adotar controle biométrico para controlar quem está deixando o país.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Atualmente, o controle biométrico (registrar uma digital, por exemplo) é usado apenas quando visitantes chegam ao país.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A decisão é do Departamento de Segurança Interna dos Estados Unidos, que deseja integrar os dados de saída às informações obtidas no ingresso dos visitantes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;De acordo com o site do&lt;a href="http://www.dhs.gov/xtrvlsec/programs/content_multi_image_0006.shtm" target="_blank"&gt; Departamento de Segurança&lt;/a&gt;, o programa de integração de dados biométricos de entrada e saída do país está em testes há três anos e deve entrar em vigor nos primeiros portos e aeroportos ainda neste mês de maio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O Departamento afirma que o uso de biometria vai tornar o controle de imigração mais confortável para os visitantes e ampliar a segurança interna dos Estados&lt;br /&gt;Unidos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Na prática, a integração dos dados de entrada e saída permitirá à imigração americana identificar, com a segurança da biometria, quanto tempo o visitante passou no país e se extrapolou o limite de tempo determinado em seu visto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;===============================&lt;br /&gt;Guest Workers or Colonized Labor: Mexican Labor Migration to the United States&lt;br /&gt;By Gilbert G. Gonzalez Paradigm Publishers, 238 pp. Paperback, ISBN: 1594511519, $14.93 &lt;a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1594511519/centerforimmigra" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1594511519/centerforimmigra&lt;/a&gt; Book Description: Scholars and journalists have looked mostly to Mexico s own economy and society for the chief causes of Mexican migration to the United States. This book presents a strikingly contrasting explanation and offers a persuasive historical reexamination of the history of relations between the two countries. Gilbert Gonzalez dispels the myth that Mexican migration conforms to the pattern of earlier European migrations. Mexican migration, he shows, is the social consequence of U.S. economic domination over Mexico. Since the late nineteenth century, powerful U.S. capitalist enterprises have controlled important sectors of the Mexican economy, a dominance that uprooted peasants and small farmers from traditional farming villages. Those uprooted turned to internal migration and then proceeded into the United States to be integrated into the largest capitalist corporations in the world. The mass migration has had a number of implications, from indentured labor to legal and illegal labor. Gonzalez s book examines recent Bush initiatives, NAFTA measures, and the history of antecedent bracero programs supported by U.S. government and business to show how colonial explanations of migration better fit historical patterns&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-9053398723105385127?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/9053398723105385127'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/9053398723105385127'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/niem-eua.html' title='[NIEM] EUA'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-2910886480018108673</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.011-03:00</published><updated>2007-09-21T16:54:17.679-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Processo Seletivo para Iniciação Científica</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Pelo presente faço saber que no dia 20 de setembro de 2007 (quinta-feira), às 13 horas será publicada, no presente endereço eletrônico, a avaliação para o programa de iniciação científica do curso de Relação Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá. Os trabalhos devem ser remetidos, segundo os padrões da ABNT, para o endereço &lt;a href="mailto:migratione@gmail.com"&gt;migratione@gmail.com&lt;/a&gt; até às 13 horas do dia 21 de setembro de 2007 (sexta-feira). As inscrições estão abertas a alunos do Curso de Relacões Internacionais de quaisquer &lt;em&gt;campi&lt;/em&gt; da Universidade Estácio de Sá e serão feitas com a simples participação do aluno no processo de seleção.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="color:#ffff99;"&gt;INSCRIÇÕES ENCERRADAS&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Prova de seleção para Iniciação Científica&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1a tarefa&lt;br /&gt;Fichamento do texto &lt;a href="http://migratione.110mb.com/Inicientifica/Control_de_la_inmigracion.doc"&gt;Control de la Inmigración&lt;/a&gt;. O Fichamento deve conter as principais idéias do texto e deve ser feito em português.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2a tarefa&lt;br /&gt;Resumo em português de um dos textos que se seguem:&lt;br /&gt;1)&lt;a href="http://migratione.110mb.com/Inicientifica/Madrid_Paper.pdf"&gt;Migration and Security in Europe after the Madrid Bombings&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;br /&gt;2)&lt;a href="http://migratione.110mb.com/Inicientifica/Guerre_et_Terrorisme.pdf"&gt;Guerre et Terrorisme&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;br /&gt;Os resumos devem ser de no máximo duas laudas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Os trabalhos devem ser escritos em Times New Roman, corpo 12, espacejamento 1,5. As páginas devem estar numeradas. As regras de apresentação formal dos textos são as da ABNT.&lt;br /&gt;Prazo para entrega: 13 horas do dia 21 de setembro de 2007.&lt;br /&gt;Os trabalhos devem ser remetidos para migratione@gmail.com &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-2910886480018108673?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2910886480018108673'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2910886480018108673'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/10.html' title='Processo Seletivo para Iniciação Científica'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-7341552705285114518</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.009-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:33.542-03:00</updated><title type='text'>9</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-7341552705285114518?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7341552705285114518'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7341552705285114518'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/9.html' title='9'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1032448610246894881</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.007-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:26.577-03:00</updated><title type='text'>8</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1032448610246894881?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1032448610246894881'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1032448610246894881'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/8.html' title='8'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-5214838852204063838</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:18.875-03:00</updated><title type='text'>7</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-5214838852204063838?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5214838852204063838'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5214838852204063838'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/7_19.html' title='7'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1129520644973351814</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:12.748-03:00</updated><title type='text'>6</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1129520644973351814?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1129520644973351814'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1129520644973351814'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/6_19.html' title='6'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1699701525367518012</id><published>2007-05-19T18:57:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:06.834-03:00</updated><title type='text'>5</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1699701525367518012?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1699701525367518012'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1699701525367518012'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/5_19.html' title='5'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-567196393757839690</id><published>2007-05-19T18:56:00.006-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:57:00.671-03:00</updated><title type='text'>4</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-567196393757839690?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/567196393757839690'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/567196393757839690'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/4_19.html' title='4'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-8512331546418599240</id><published>2007-05-19T18:56:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T18:56:51.916-03:00</updated><title type='text'>3</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-8512331546418599240?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8512331546418599240'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8512331546418599240'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/3_19.html' title='3'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-4619525718384235496</id><published>2007-05-19T18:56:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:18.986-03:00</updated><title type='text'>2</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJImnW41SI/AAAAAAAAABU/b2r82J1Ctag/s1600-h/Migra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+com+t%C3%ADtulo+4.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJImnW41SI/AAAAAAAAABU/b2r82J1Ctag/s200/Migra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+com+t%C3%ADtulo+4.jpg" border="0" alt=""id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5103221156001404194" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-4619525718384235496?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4619525718384235496'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4619525718384235496'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/2_19.html' title='2'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJImnW41SI/AAAAAAAAABU/b2r82J1Ctag/s72-c/Migra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+com+t%C3%ADtulo+4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-898553641264900016</id><published>2007-05-19T18:56:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:19.123-03:00</updated><title type='text'>1</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJH2HW41RI/AAAAAAAAABM/IwOlhhOSPtM/s1600-h/MigraÃ§Ã£o+com+tÃ&amp;shy;tulo+4.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5103220322777748754" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJH2HW41RI/AAAAAAAAABM/IwOlhhOSPtM/s200/Migra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+com+t%C3%ADtulo+4.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJF8HW41QI/AAAAAAAAABE/jun5V0xiuP4/s1600-h/MigraÃ§Ã£o+com+tÃ&amp;shy;tulo+4.jpg"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-898553641264900016?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/898553641264900016'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/898553641264900016'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/1_19.html' title='1'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RtJH2HW41RI/AAAAAAAAABM/IwOlhhOSPtM/s72-c/Migra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+com+t%C3%ADtulo+4.jpg' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1765900654022833401</id><published>2007-05-08T06:22:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-08T06:23:11.982-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado "Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;O crédito pelo desenho ao lado é do italiano Gianni Chiostri.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1765900654022833401?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1765900654022833401'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1765900654022833401'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_08.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-2422757761252040777</id><published>2007-05-08T06:06:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:19.256-03:00</updated><title type='text'>POPULATION IN- AND OUTFLOWS FOR SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA9vfeuW5I/AAAAAAAAAA8/fvaL6UEgX_E/s1600-h/Population+in-and+outflows+for+selected+OECD+countries.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5062113867277949842" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA9vfeuW5I/AAAAAAAAAA8/fvaL6UEgX_E/s400/Population+in-and+outflows+for+selected+OECD+countries.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA9vfeuW5I/AAAAAAAAAA8/fvaL6UEgX_E/s1600-h/Population+in-and+outflows+for+selected+OECD+countries.jpg"&gt;Amplie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;Source: OECD,Trends in International Migration, 2004.Footnotes: [1] Source: US Census Bureau, 2000. Figure is a projected estimation. [2] Data refer to period from July 2002 to June 2003.[3] Data not available due to lack of population register in France. [4] Data refer to period from July 2001 to June 2002.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This Map shows that even states traditionallythought of as “immigration countries” are alsocountries of emigration. Each year countries suchas Australia, Canada, and the US report significantoutflows of persons from their territories.For example, in 2001, while the US accepted moreimmigrants than any other country (over 1 million),nearly 300,000 persons also emigrated. Of thethree traditional immigration countries, the ratioof outflows (56,000) to inflows (88,900) was highestin Australia, which registered two persons leavingfor every three persons who migrated into thecountry.In Europe, Germany, the country receiving the largestnumber of immigrants (over 685,000) in 2001 alsoreported significant outflows of persons. For everythree immigrants, two persons moved out of thecountry leaving a net migration balance of 188,000persons. In Switzerland, the ratio of outflows toinflows was one migrant for every two newcomers,and in the UK two emigrants for every fiveimmigrants. The map also shows how the migrationsituation has changed in Central Europe whereimmigration levels are rising. Hungary, formerly acountry of emigration, now records more immigrationthan emigration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Source: IOM, &lt;a href="http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/cache/offonce/pid/1674;jsessionid=3031954566E3D04EAE4B8709F628E64E.worker02?entryId=932"&gt;World Migration Report, 2005&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-2422757761252040777?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2422757761252040777'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2422757761252040777'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/blog-post.html' title='POPULATION IN- AND OUTFLOWS FOR SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA9vfeuW5I/AAAAAAAAAA8/fvaL6UEgX_E/s72-c/Population+in-and+outflows+for+selected+OECD+countries.jpg' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1397787285365209881</id><published>2007-05-08T05:51:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:19.404-03:00</updated><title type='text'>TOTAL AND MIGRANT POPULATION BY REGION, IN 2000</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA6OveuW3I/AAAAAAAAAAs/NWDcnaazu6g/s1600-h/Total+and+migrant+population+by+region,+2000.jpg"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5062110512908491650" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA6sPeuW4I/AAAAAAAAAA0/es-zOdudvzA/s400/Total+and+migrant+population+by+region,+2000.jpg" border="0" /&gt; Amplie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;Source: United Nations,Trends in Total Migrant Stock: the 2003 Revision. Database maintained by the Population Division of the Department for Economic and Social Affairs, 2003.POP/DB/MIG/2003/1/Trends in total Migrant Stock by Sex 1990-2000. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;In 2000, Europe hosted the largest migrant population of all world regions, over 56 million(including the European part of the Former Soviet Union), followed by Asia with nearly 50 million (including the Asian part of the Former Soviet Union) and North America with just over 40 million immigrants. Among these three regions, North America had the highest proportion of migrants in the population, 12.9 per cent, and Asia the lowest with only 1.4 per cent. Among all regions, Oceania’s 5.8 million immigrants represented the highest share at 18.7 per cent of the total population of the region. (Note that these global statistics for 2000 are derived from the UN Population Division’s 2003 revision of “Trends in Total Migrant Stock”, which uses two different regional constellations for Europe. The one illustrated in this Map places the countries that were part of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) either in Europe orin Asia. The other (reflected in Table 23.1 provided by UNPD in Chapter 23) classifies the Former Soviet Union as a region in itself, with 29.5 million migrants, leaving Europe with an estimated 32.8 million andAsia with 43.8 million migrants in 2000.) The UN’s depiction of Asia in this map also includes central and west Asia (compare chapter 6, which excludes these sub-regions).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Source: IOM, &lt;a href="http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/cache/offonce/pid/1674;jsessionid=3031954566E3D04EAE4B8709F628E64E.worker02?entryId=932"&gt;World Migration Report, 2005&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1397787285365209881?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1397787285365209881'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1397787285365209881'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/total-and-migrant-population-by-region.html' title='TOTAL AND MIGRANT POPULATION BY REGION, IN 2000'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RkA6sPeuW4I/AAAAAAAAAA0/es-zOdudvzA/s72-c/Total+and+migrant+population+by+region,+2000.jpg' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-6271399609978374335</id><published>2007-05-07T11:51:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T11:51:52.379-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado "Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;O crédito pelo desenho ao lado é do italiano Gianni Chiostri.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-6271399609978374335?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6271399609978374335'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6271399609978374335'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_07.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-6423663456942639984</id><published>2007-05-07T11:46:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T12:07:53.319-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Fluxos migratórios continuarão a aumentar no mundo segundo FIDH</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;O Secretário-geral da Fundação Internacional das Ligas dos Direitos Humanos (FIDH) disse hoje que os fluxos migratórios continuarão a aumentar no mundo, mas considerou falsa a imagem de uma invasão inexorável dos países ricos.&lt;br /&gt;«Os fluxos migratórios no mundo vão aumentar, porque há cada vez mais pessoas que são obrigadas a sair dos seus países à procura de liberdade e de condições para sustentar as suas famílias», disse hoje à Lusa o Secretário-Geral da FIDH, Driss El Yazami, após a apresentação do III Congresso Mundial daquela organização, que se realiza próximo mês em Lisboa.&lt;br /&gt;Inserido neste Congresso Mundial, realiza-se entre 19 a 21 de Abril o 36º Fórum sobre «Migrações e os Direitos Humanos», que contará com a presença de mais de 300 especialistas.&lt;br /&gt;De acordo com Yazami, nos últimos 25 anos o número de imigrantes duplicou no mundo e todos os indicadores apontam para que esta tendência continue a aumentar devido às disparidades entre países ricos e pobres, em matéria de desenvolvimento, demografia e democracia.&lt;br /&gt;Segundo os dados apresentados, em 2005, os migrantes representavam cerca de 200 milhões de pessoas (entre os quais 9,2 milhões de refugiados), o equivalente a cerca de 3% da população mundial.&lt;br /&gt;Os Estados Unidos da América continuam a ser o primeiro pólo de atracção dos migrantes, seguidos da Europa Ocidental (UE e Suíça) e da Austrália.&lt;br /&gt;Porém, a partir do início da década de 1970 os países produtores de petróleo (Península Arábica, Venezuela, Líbia e Africa Austral) e os novos países industriais da Ásia têm vindo a afirmar-se como novos pólos migratórios.&lt;br /&gt;De acordo com o secretário-geral da FIDH, nos últimos anos tem- se assistido a «uma diversificação dos fluxos migratórios e das trajectórias», sendo que 40% dos migrantes partem à procura de emprego.&lt;br /&gt;Paralelamente, registram-se cada vez mais êxodos importantes de população devido a catástrofes naturais (secas, cheias), a fome e a conflitos militares e a guerras civis.&lt;br /&gt;Os dados apresentados sobre as migrações no mundo indicam que o Norte da Africa, o Médio Oriente, a Turquia e o Golfo Pérsico acolhem actualmente dez por cento dos migrantes a escala mundial.&lt;br /&gt;A África, com 66 milhões de migrantes, representa actualmente cerca de um terço dos migrantes, um terço dos refugiados e metade das pessoas internamente deslocadas no mundo, sendo que cerca de um migrante em cada dois (47%) são mulheres.&lt;br /&gt;A região da África Subsaariana aparece como a zona do mundo com maior número de pessoas internamente deslocadas devido a conflitos, crises económicas e factores ecológicos.&lt;br /&gt;Segundo os dados de 2005, na Ásia existiam mais de 53 milhões de migrantes (dos quais 45% eram mulheres), sobretudo oriundos do Bangladesh, Birmânia, Cambodja, China, Índia, Indonésia, Laos, Nepal, Filipinas, Sri-Lanka e Vietname e mais de 7,8 milhões de refugiados.&lt;br /&gt;O principal destino dos migrantes asiáticos foram outros países na Ásia como a Coreia do Sul, o Japão e a Singapura, bem como países da Europa, da América do Norte e do Médio Oriente.&lt;br /&gt;Outro factor salientado durante a conferência foi a crescente feminização dos fluxos migratórios, fenómeno que desde o início da década de 1990 tem vindo a aumentar.&lt;br /&gt;De acordo com o Secretário-Geral da FIDH, Driss El Yazami, enquanto durante muito tempo a migração feminina se realizava para fins de reagrupamento familiar, actualmente faz-se, sobretudo, para fins laborais, sendo que as mulheres procuram empregos tradicionalmente femininos nos países mais ricos (trabalho domestico, limpeza, prestação de cuidados a idosos, industria do sexo).&lt;br /&gt;«O aumento da emigração feminina deve-se, não só ao facto de estas terem começado a emigrar sozinhas, mas também à tomada de consciência dos seus direitos em sociedades onde persistem numerosos constrangimentos restritivos da sua emancipação», disse Yazami.&lt;br /&gt;Actualmente, segundo Yazami, a maioria dos emigrantes marroquinos são mulheres, o que realça e reforça a transformação dos papéis tradicionalmente desempenhados por homens e mulheres e demonstram a mudança da sociedade».&lt;br /&gt;No entanto, de acordo com o responsável, estas mulheres migrantes são particularmente vulneráveis à exploração, às discriminações e aos abusos, uma vez que constituem uma mão-de-obra barata e ocupam empregos exigentes e por vezes pouco gratificantes, sendo que muitas também são sujeitas a violências e a prostituição.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href="http://diariodigital.sapo.pt/news.asp?section_id=10&amp;amp;id_news=269364" target="_blanc"&gt;Diário Digital (Portugal), 28/03/07&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-6423663456942639984?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6423663456942639984'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6423663456942639984'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/fluxos-migratrios-continuaro-aumentar.html' title='Fluxos migratórios continuarão a aumentar no mundo segundo FIDH'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-4593044017297964491</id><published>2007-05-07T11:42:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T12:07:35.413-03:00</updated><title type='text'>World's Population</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;The world's population was 6.6 billion in July 2006; it has been increasing by an average of 80 million a year since 2000.  The UN's World Population Prospects (2004 revision) projects 9.2 billion people by 2050, an almost quadrupling from 2.5 billion in 1950.  The number of persons over 60 is projected to be 1.9 billion in 2050, with 80 percent in developing countries.&lt;br /&gt;The UN projected that migration from developing to industrial countries will average 2.3 million a year between 2007 and 2050.&lt;br /&gt; The major determinant of worldwide population growth is fertility, which is expected to drop from 2.6 children per woman today to two by 2050 (women averaged five children between 1950 and 1955 and 4.5 between 1970 and 1975).  Fertility is highest in the least developed countries, most of which are in Africa and Asia, and lowest in Japan and the industrial countries of Europe and the ex-USSR.&lt;br /&gt;The world's labor force was 3.3 billion in 2006, including 195 million or 6.3 percent unemployed.  According to the ILO, the world's labor force has been increasing by 1.6 percent or 53 million a year over the past decade.  The share of persons 15 and older who are employed was 61.4 percent in 2006, including 78.8 percent of men 15 and older and 52.4 percent of women 15 and older.  According to the ILO, about 40 percent of the world's workers were employed in services, 39 percent in agriculture, and 21 percent in industry.&lt;br /&gt;The Middle East and North African region had the highest unemployment rate in 2006, 12.2 percent and the lowest employment-to-population ratio, 47 percent.&lt;br /&gt;Remittances. The World Bank estimated that recorded remittances to developing countries were $199 billion in 2006, and total remittances (including funds transferred via informal channels) $268 billion.&lt;br /&gt;Mastercard in February 2007 announced a partnership with the GSM Association, which represents more than 700 mobile phone operators with 600 million customers in 100 countries, to send money from one SIM card to another via the Mastercard global transactions network, with both parties receiving confirmation messages via SMS.  According to Mastercard, there are about 2.5 billion mobile phones around the world, but two-thirds of people do not have banking services near where they live.&lt;br /&gt;Global household wealth was an estimated $125 trillion in 2000, about three times world GDP of $40 trillion; per capita income was about $6,600 per person, and per capita wealth about  $20,500 per person.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href="http://migration.ucdavis.edu/" target="_blanc"&gt;Migration News&lt;/a&gt; (University of California, Davis), april 2007.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-4593044017297964491?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4593044017297964491'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4593044017297964491'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/worlds-population.html' title='World&apos;s Population'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-5282362751501180187</id><published>2007-05-06T21:28:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T03:25:36.850-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado "Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;O crédito pelo desenho ao lado é do italiano Gianni Chiostri.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-5282362751501180187?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5282362751501180187'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5282362751501180187'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_6927.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1557976768945869677</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.013-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T02:17:36.236-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Migation: Sebastião Salgado</title><content type='html'>&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/D0cpBVHyIa0" width="382" height="315" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" wmode="transparent"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Vídeo feito com as fotografias do álbum &lt;em&gt;Migration&lt;/em&gt;, de Sebastião Salgado.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1557976768945869677?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1557976768945869677'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1557976768945869677'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/7.html' title='Migation: Sebastião Salgado'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-5936711514911690983</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.011-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T12:08:14.390-03:00</updated><title type='text'>OECD Factbook 2007: Migration</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;The OECD Factbook 2007 has 10 sections that provide data on 10 items, from population to economics to quality of life; there is a special section on migration.The OECD defines immigrants to include persons granted permanent residence rights in traditional immigration countries and those granted at least one-year residence in other countries. The 30 OECD countries received about 2.5 million immigrants in 2004, including one million in the US, 300,000 in the UK, 236,000 in Canada, and 200,000 in Germany. About half of the immigrants to OECD countries originate in another OECD country.About 25 percent of Canadian immigrants were selected for work reasons (their families were another 32 percent of Canadian immigrants), while only eight percent of US immigrants were selected for work reasons (their families were another nine percent of US immigrants); 70 percent of US immigrants join family members already settled in the US. The foreign-born population was on average 11 percent of OECD residents, and ranged in individual countries from 24 percent in Australia and 23 percent in Switzerland to three percent in Finland and Hungary (the US had 13 percent foreign-born residents). The foreign population refers to non-citizens regardless of where they were born, and was on average seven percent of OECD residents. Some 20 percent of Swiss residents were foreigners, as were almost 10 percent of residents of Austria and Germany.Among the native-born 15 and older in OECD countries in 2000, 40 percent had less than an upper secondary school education, 40 percent had completed secondary schooling, and 20 percent completed tertiary schooling, which ranged from two-year associate degrees to those with doctorates. Among the foreign born, the percentages were 40, 35, and 25, that is, a higher share of foreign-born residents had completed university degrees. In Australia and Ireland, over 40 percent of foreign-born residents had completed tertiary schooling, compared with less than 15 percent in Germany and Italy.An average of seven percent of persons with tertiary schooling in OECD countries were from other OECD countries in 2000; an average of five percent were from non-OECD countries. For example, 17 percent of those in Australia with tertiary schooling are from other OECD countries, and 12 percent are from non-OECD countries. For the US, four percent are from OECD countries, and nine percent from non-OECD countries. Some 20 percent of Switzerland's residents with tertiary education were from other OECD countries, while Canada had the highest share of non-OECD origin residents with such schooling, 16 percent.Some 320,000 foreigners applied for asylum in OECD countries in 2005, including 50,000 each in France and the US and almost 30,000 each in the UK and Germany.In most OECD countries, a higher share of the native-born than the foreign-born are employed, with the greatest gap for women. For example, in Germany 70 percent of the native-born men were employed in 2004, compared with 64 percent of the foreign-born men; 60 percent of the native-born women, and 46 percent of the foreign-born women, were employed. Unemployment rates for the foreign-born are typically higher, for instance, 18 percent for foreign-born men in Germany, compared to 10 percent for native-born men.The exceptions were the US, Italy and Spain. Foreign-born men are more likely to be employed than native-born men in the US in 2004, 80 percent compared to 73 percent, while foreign-born women are less likely to be employed than native-born women, 65 percent compared to 56 percent. In Italy, 81 percent of the foreign-born men were employed, compared to 70 percent of the native-born men, while 49 percent of the foreign-born women and 45 percent of native-born women were employed.The OECD reports the number of migrants from various countries in OECD countries, led by 9.4 million Mexicans; 2.3 million Poles; 2.1 million each from India and the Philippines; 1.6 million from Morocco; and 1.3 million each from Portugal and Romania.Other data. The 30 OECD countries accounted for 18 percent of the world's 6.4 billion people in 2004, about the same as India. The US has a quarter of the OECD population, 60 percent of OECD residents are in five countries, the US, Japan, Mexico, Germany, and Turkey. Fertility averaged 1.6 births per woman, and was below replacement in all OECD countries except Mexico and Turkey, where women averaged 2.2 children. About 15 percent of OECD residents are 65 or older; 20 percent in Italy and Japan, and five percent in Mexico and Turkey.GDP per capita averaged $30,000 in 2005, and ranged from $7,700 in Turkey and $10,600 in Mexico to almost $50,000 in Norway and $42,000 in the US. Gross national income, which is GDP plus net receipts of those abroad less than 12 months and property income, was the same. Between 1992 and 2005, economic growth in the OECD countries averaged 2.6 percent a year, and ranged from over five percent in Ireland and Korea to less than two percent in France, Germany, Japan and Italy.General government debt was an average 77 percent of GDP in 2005, and ranged from a low of 17 percent in Australia to 173 percent in Japan; US government debt was 62 percent of US GDP. There are three major types of public social assistance: for pensions, which were an average eight percent of GDP in 2003, for health, an average six percent, and for income support, five percent. With other social assistance, the average OECD country spends about 21 percent of GDP on public social expenditures. Sweden spends 31 percent of its GDP on public social assistance, and Mexico seven percent; the US spends 16 percent.All OECD countries support their agricultural sectors. The Producer Support Estimate includes payments to farmers as well as the cost to consumers of trade protections that raise food prices. The highest PSEs are in Switzerland and Norway, where government support is two-thirds of gross farm receipts. The lowest PSEs are in Australia and New Zealand, less than five percent. The EU PSE of 32 percent is twice the US PSE of 16 percent of the value of farm receipts.Services account for 70 percent of the value added in OECD economies; in most countries, services value added is dominated by trade, transport, and business services related to goods production. Value added by agriculture was 10 percent in Turkey, five percent in Poland, and four percent in Greece, Hungary, and Mexico.In most OECD economies, 70 percent of enterprises have less than 10 employees, but the enterprises with more than 20 employees usually account for more than 70 percent of total employment.OECD countries are major traders. On average, the value of imports and exports combined was 45 percent of their GDP, but was much higher in Belgium (86 percent) and lower in the US (13 percent). The US ran the largest deficit in trade in goods, -$830 billion in 2005, and Germany had the largest surplus, +$200 billion. The US had the largest surplus in trade in services, +$65 billion in 2005, and Germany the largest deficit, -$50 billion.An average 66 percent of persons 15 to 64 were employed in OECD countries in 2005, ranging from a low of 46 percent in Turkey to a high of 75 percent in Norway. An average 79 percent of men and 55 percent of women were employed; the range for women, from 24 percent in Turkey to 81 percent for Iceland, was far larger than the range for men, from 59 percent in Poland to 84 percent in Switzerland.The average hours worked per year was 1,700 in 2005. Koreans work the most hours, 2,400, and Germans the fewest, 1,400; the US average is 1,800 hours. Payroll taxes were an average 37 percent of the cost of labor in 2005, and ranged from a low of 17 percent in Korea to a high of almost 50 percent in Sweden; they were 29 percent in the US.The OECD defines researchers as professionals conceiving and creating new products, and estimated there were 3.6 million in OECD countries in 2002, an average of about eight researchers per 1,000 employed persons. The highest rate of researcher employment was in Finland, with 17, and the lowest in Turkey and Mexico, one.The OECD separates post-secondary or tertiary education into two subgroups: type A theoretical knowledge and type B occupational training. In Canada, Japan, Korea, and non-OECD member Russia, some 45 percent of those 25 to 34 had a tertiary qualification in 2004, compared to less than 12 percent in non-OECD member Brazil, Turkey, and Mexico; 39 percent of US 25- to 34-year olds had a tertiary qualification in 2004. Average expenditures per tertiary student per year averaged $11,250 in 2003; France and Germany spent about the average, while in the US spending averaged $24,100.Almost eight percent of teens were not employed or in school in 2004. The highest share of 15-19 year olds who are inactive is in Turkey, affecting 25 percent of boys and 47 percent of girls, followed by Mexico, eight percent of men and 26 percent of women. Mexico and Turkey have the most unequal income distributions, 48 and 44 in 2003 on a scale where 0 is equality and 1 is inequality-the average in OECD countries is 31, and 36 in the US. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href="http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3292_0_5_0" target="_blanc"&gt;Migration News Vol. 14 No. 2, April 2007&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-5936711514911690983?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5936711514911690983'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5936711514911690983'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/6.html' title='OECD Factbook 2007: Migration'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-6588972129706495124</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.009-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T12:06:43.305-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Australia, New Zealand</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Australia, a country of 20 million, accepts about 100,000 immigrants a year. However, the fastest growth in foreigners arriving to work has been in temporary worker programs, including the so-called 457 program that allows foreign professionals paid at least A$41,850 ($34,600) a year to enter via simplified procedures. The minimum wage for 457 workers is A$37,000 in agriculture, which farmers say is too high.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some 39,530 foreign workers were admitted with 457 visas in 2005-06. About a quarter were from the UK, but the fastest growth is in workers from China and the Philippines.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Unions claim that employers pay 457 workers the required A$41,850, but then get back up to half of the wages paid in fees and charges for housing and food. Waterbrook Enterprises in Brisbane was accused of charging Filipino welders A$10,000 to get their contracts, and made deductions from their wages for housing. Many workers with 457 visas are employed in meat processing.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A parliamentary inquiry is examining the 457 program. Critics say it is poorly monitored by the Immigration Department, leaving migrant workers open to abuse and underpayment of wages.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Economy. Australia's traditional economy was "crops and rocks," exporting farm commodities and mining products. The commodity boom fueled by rapid economic growth in China and India caught the mining industry by surprise, and has sharply increased wages for the 120,000 workers employed in mining in Australia, often in remote locations.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Miners often work 12-hour shifts for 14 days followed by a week off, a lifestyle not appealing to many workers and leading to 25 percent annual turnover rates. There are Aboriginals living around some of the mines in Australia, but they are often a small fraction of the mining labor force.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Zealand. Economist Greg Clydesdale in April 2007 reported that immigration was increasing New Zealand housing prices. Some 51,000 immigrants were admitted in 2006, including 60 percent under the skilled or business categories.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New Zealand in April 2007 launched the Recognized Seasonal Employer Policy for up to 5,000 workers from Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Kiribati, Tuvalu and Vanuatu. The workers will be allowed to stay in New Zealand up to seven months, and must be paid at least the minimum wage of NZ$11.25 (US$7) per hour and be provided with housing.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some 100,000 work permits were issued to temporary foreign workers in New Zealand in 2005-06, including to seasonal workers, skilled professionals and working holidaymakers, up sharply from 39,000 in 1999-00.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Simon McCarthy, "Seasonal employer policy aimed at Pacific Islanders," Southland Times, March 24, 2007. Shane Maguire And Lechelle Earl, "Imported Workers," The Advertiser, January 27, 2007.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href="http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3288_0_5_0" target="_blanc"&gt;Migration News Vol. 14 No. 2, April 2007.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-6588972129706495124?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6588972129706495124'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6588972129706495124'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/5.html' title='Australia, New Zealand'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1727361038202463556</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.007-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-11T15:57:18.011-03:00</updated><title type='text'>III Congreso Interoceánico de Estudios LatinoamericanosPolíticas de la diversidad y políticas de la integración3 al 5 de octubre de 2007 - Argentina</title><content type='html'>Instituto de Filosofía Argentina y Americana - IFAA&lt;br /&gt;Facultad de Filosofía y Letras&lt;br /&gt;Universidad Nacional de CuyoPaneles&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1. Diversidad e integración latinoamericana: distintos enfoques&lt;br /&gt;2. Ciudades en América Latina: ¿un espacio de convivencia?&lt;br /&gt;3. Modernidad y modernidades: un debate inconcluso&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Áreas Temáticas&lt;br /&gt;1. Democracia, sociedad civil y ciudadanía&lt;br /&gt;2. América Latina en el nuevo escenario mundial&lt;br /&gt;3. Perspectivas históricas: nuevos enfoques y metodologías&lt;br /&gt;4. Teoría y crítica de las ideas filosóficas&lt;br /&gt;5. Literatura y estudios culturales: evaluación crítica y proyecciones&lt;br /&gt;6. El mundo del trabajo en las sociedades contemporáneas&lt;br /&gt;7. La emergencia de los movimientos sociales y sus consecuencias&lt;br /&gt;8. La movilidad de las fronteras: migraciones en los países del Cono Sur&lt;br /&gt;9. Problemas de género: propuestas teóricas y estudios de casos&lt;br /&gt;10.Discriminación, conflictos y demandas de los movimientos étnicos&lt;br /&gt;11.Debates y propuestas en torno a la educación&lt;br /&gt;12.Problemas del medioambiente en la región &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Los resúmenes y las ponencias podrán ser presentadas en español o portugués.&lt;br /&gt;Presentación de resúmenes: fecha límite 30 de junio de 2007&lt;br /&gt;Extensión máxima 200 palabras, fuente Times New Roman 12, interlineado 1.5, con los siguientes datos:&lt;br /&gt;1. III Congreso Interoceánico de Estudios Latinoamericanos&lt;br /&gt;2. Simposio sugerido de inclusión.&lt;br /&gt;3. Títulos del trabajo.&lt;br /&gt;4. Nombre y pertenencia institucional del o los autores (no más de dos).&lt;br /&gt;5. Dirección electrónica de contacto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Presentación de ponencias: Fecha límite 31 de julio de 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Las ponencias deberán tener el mismo encabezado que en los resúmenes y tendrán una extensión máxima de 2500 palabras en hoja tamaño A4, fuente Times New Roman 12, interlineado 1.5, incluidas citas a pie de página y bibliografía.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Participantes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Economistas, literatos, lingüistas, historiadores, educadores, antropólogos, juristas, filósofos, geógrafos, artistas, científicos, sociólogos, politólogos, arquitectos, ambientalistas, arqueólogos, escritores, comunicadores, etc. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Aranceles:&lt;br /&gt;Expositores nacionales: $120&lt;br /&gt;Primer autor: $120, Co-autor: $ 80.  Ambos/as con derecho a diploma.&lt;br /&gt;Expositores extranjeros de América Latina: U$S 60&lt;br /&gt;Expositores extranjeros de otros países: U$S 80&lt;br /&gt;Asistentes: $ 60&lt;br /&gt;Alumnos que acrediten la condición de tal, nacionales y extranjeros: $20&lt;br /&gt;Inscripciones en Secretaría de Extensión Universitaria&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Teléfonos             &lt;?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = SKYPE /&gt;&lt;skype:span onmouseup="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,1,'0',false,16,'');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" class="skype_tb_injection" oncontextmenu="javascript:skype_tb_SwitchDrop(this,'0','sms=0');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" onmousedown="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,2,'0',false,16,'');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" id="softomate_highlight_0" onmouseover="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,1,'0',false,16,'');" title="Call this phone number in Argentina with Skype: +542614494097" onclick="javascript:doRunCMD('call','0',null,0);return skype_tb_stopEvents();" onmouseout="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,0,'0',false,16,'');" context="(0054-261) 449-4097"&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgA" id="skype_tb_droppart_0" title="Este é um Argentina número de telefone. O código do país não pôde ser modificado" style="BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(C:\DOCUME~1\SUELIR~1\CONFIG~1\Temp\__SkypeIEToolbar_Cache\886b6c5f328cda19941f921e9ef018b4\static\inactive_a.compat.stat.w16.gif)"&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgFlag" id="skype_tb_img_f0" style="BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(C:\DOCUME~1\SUELIR~1\CONFIG~1\Temp\__SkypeIEToolbar_Cache\886b6c5f328cda19941f921e9ef018b4\static\famfamfam/AR.gif)"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- left number: image --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgS_stat" id="skype_tb_img_s0"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- number part: resizable --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_injectionIn" id="skype_tb_text0"&gt;&lt;!-- self number: resizable --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_innerText" id="skype_tb_innerText0"&gt;(0054-261) 449-4097&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt; &lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- right number: image --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgR" id="skype_tb_img_r0"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;       Fax (0054-261) 438-0457e-mail: &lt;a href="mailto:interoceanico@logos.uncu.edu.ar" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;interoceanico@logos.uncu.edu.ar&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://ffyl.uncu.edu.ar" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://ffyl.uncu.edu.ar&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lic. Mariana Beheran&lt;br /&gt;Socióloga - UBA&lt;br /&gt;Móvil:             &lt;skype:span onmouseup="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,1,'1',false,16,'');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" class="skype_tb_injection" oncontextmenu="javascript:skype_tb_SwitchDrop(this,'1','sms=1');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" onmousedown="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,2,'1',false,16,'');return skype_tb_stopEvents();" id="softomate_highlight_1" onmouseover="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,1,'1',false,16,'');" title="Call this phone number in Spain with Skype: +34651831746" onclick="javascript:doRunCMD('call','1',null,0);return skype_tb_stopEvents();" onmouseout="javascript:skype_tb_imgOnOff(this,0,'1',false,16,'');" context="00 34 651 831 746"&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgA" id="skype_tb_droppart_1" title="Este é um Spain número de telefone. O código do país não pôde ser modificado" style="BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(C:\DOCUME~1\SUELIR~1\CONFIG~1\Temp\__SkypeIEToolbar_Cache\886b6c5f328cda19941f921e9ef018b4\static\inactive_a.compat.stat.w16.gif)"&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgFlag" id="skype_tb_img_f1" style="BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(C:\DOCUME~1\SUELIR~1\CONFIG~1\Temp\__SkypeIEToolbar_Cache\886b6c5f328cda19941f921e9ef018b4\static\famfamfam/ES.gif)"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- left number: image --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgS_stat" id="skype_tb_img_s1"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- number part: resizable --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_injectionIn" id="skype_tb_text1"&gt;&lt;!-- self number: resizable --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_innerText" id="skype_tb_innerText1"&gt;00 34 651 831 746&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt; &lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;!-- right number: image --&gt;&lt;skype:span class="skype_tb_imgR" id="skype_tb_img_r1"&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;&lt;/SKYPE:SPAN&gt;      &lt;br /&gt;Correo electrónico: &lt;a href="mailto:mariana.beheran@gmail.com" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"&gt;mariana.beheran@gmail.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1727361038202463556?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1727361038202463556'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1727361038202463556'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/4.html' title='III Congreso Interoceánico de Estudios LatinoamericanosPolíticas de la diversidad y políticas de la integración3 al 5 de octubre de 2007 - Argentina'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-5109809312171401369</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-08T06:17:35.508-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Mapas</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/total-and-migrant-population-by-region.html"&gt;Total and Migrant Population by Region, in 2000&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/blog-post.html"&gt;Population in-and-out flows for selected OECD countries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-5109809312171401369?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5109809312171401369'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5109809312171401369'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/3.html' title='Mapas'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-3540135394073351550</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T02:22:40.767-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Vídeos</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/7.html"&gt;Migration: Sebastião Salgado&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-3540135394073351550?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/3540135394073351550'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/3540135394073351550'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/2.html' title='Vídeos'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-5794357978838518807</id><published>2007-05-06T21:17:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T21:22:16.156-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Nafta Should Have Stopped Illegal Immigration, Right?</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;By LOUIS UCHITELLE&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;As relatively well-paying jobs disappeared, Mexico’s average wage for production workers, already low, fell further behind the average hourly pay of production workers in the United States, and Mexicans responded by migrating.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“The main thing that would have stemmed the flow of people across the border was a rapid increase in wages in Mexico,” said Dani Rodrik, an economist and trade specialist at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. “And that certainly has not happened.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Something similar occurred in agriculture. The assumption was that tens of thousands of farmers who cultivated corn would act “rationally” and continue farming, even as less expensive corn imported from the United States flooded the market. The farmers, it was assumed, would switch to growing strawberries and vegetables — with some help from foreign investment — and then export these crops to the United States. Instead, the farmers exported themselves, partly because the Mexican government decided to reduce tariffs on corn even faster than Nafta required, according to Philip Martin, an agricultural economist at the University of California, Davis.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“We understood that the transition from corn to strawberries would not be smooth,” Professor Martin said. “But we did not think there would be almost no transition.”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A financial crisis also dashed expectations. One expectation was that the Mexican economy, driven by Nafta, would grow rapidly, generating jobs and keeping Mexicans home. The peso crisis of 1994-95, however, provoked a steep recession, and while there was some big growth later, the average annual growth rate over Nafta’s lifetime has been less than 3 percent.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The financial crisis struck just months after Nafta came into existence, undermining, early on, the Mexican government’s ability to spend money on roads, education and other necessary government functions.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“We underestimated Mexico’s deficits in physical and human infrastructure,” said J. Bradford DeLong, an economist at the University of California, Berkeley, and a Treasury official in the Clinton administration.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But, he says, without Nafta the migration would have been even greater. For instance, he says, there would not have been as much investment in the north of the country.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Finally, the steady flow of Mexicans to the United States has produced a momentum of its own — what Jeffrey Passel, a demographer at the Pew Hispanic Institute, calls a “network effect,” in which young Mexicans travel to the United States in growing numbers to join the growing number of family members already here.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The upshot is that Mexican migration to the United States has risen to 500,000 a year from less than 400,000 in the early 1990s, before Nafta, Mr. Passel estimates. Roughly 80 percent to 85 percent of immigrants are here illegally, he says.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The peso crisis, recession, the network effect — their impact may have been beyond anyone’s control, but not the assumptions about how the market and the government would act.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“We have indeed had one disappointment after another on this score,” Mr. Rodrik said, noting that the same assumption about government spending is part and parcel of the agreements, now before Congress, with Columbia, Peru and Panama.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;While there is opposition to these proposals, it is mainly from Democrats who want a better safety net for American workers who might be hurt.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The European Union, in contrast, assumes little about government spending on the part of economically weaker nations joining it. The union itself has hugely subsidized the improved services needed by entering countries like Portugal, Spain, Greece and Poland, rather than leave financing to the relatively meager resources of entering countries.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;The money is used not only for public investment, Mr. Rodrik noted, but also to subsidize companies setting up operations in the new countries and to support government budgets.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“I am not saying Nafta was a bad agreement,” Mr. Rodrik said. “But more than a trade agreement is required for countries to converge economically. And Nafta has been viewed as a shortcut to convergence without having to do all the other stuff.”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/weekinreview/18uchitelle.html?ei=5088&amp;en=a25f2bf8e6431b9c&amp;amp;ex=1329454800&amp;partner=rssnyt&amp;amp;emc=rss&amp;amp;pagewanted=print"&gt;The New York Times&lt;/a&gt;, February 18, 2007&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-5794357978838518807?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5794357978838518807'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/5794357978838518807'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/1.html' title='Nafta Should Have Stopped Illegal Immigration, Right?'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1186805873622879</id><published>2007-05-06T18:55:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T18:55:56.569-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado "Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1186805873622879?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1186805873622879'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1186805873622879'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_2996.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-8203934767095583634</id><published>2007-05-06T18:45:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T18:50:00.302-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Institutos de Pesquisa sobre Migrações</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cemes.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for European Migration and Ethnic Studies (CEMES), Sussex, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.compas.ox.ac.uk/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre on Migration, Policy and Society (COMPAS), Oxford, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migracje.uw.edu.pl/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre of Migration Research, Warsaw, Poland&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cser.it/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for Migration Studies (CSER), Rome, Italy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/CRER_RC/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations (CRER), University of Warwick, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ceifo.su.se/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for Research in International Migration and Ethnic Relations (CEIFO), Stockholm University, Sweden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bris.ac.uk/Depts/Sociology/main/resear~1/resear~1.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for the Study of Ethnicity and Citizenship, Bristol, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cespi.it/" target="_blank"&gt;Centro Studi di Politica Internazionale, Roma, Italy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.bafl.de/" target="_blank"&gt;Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge, Nürnberg, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.demographie.de/" target="_blank"&gt;Demography, HU Berlin, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.uni-bamberg.de/~ba6ef3/efmshome.htm" target="_blank"&gt;European Forum for Migration Studies (EMFS), University of Bamberg, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.emz-berlin.de/" target="_blank"&gt;European Migration Centre (EMZ), Berlin, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.iab.de/" target="_blank"&gt;Institut für Arbeitsmarkt-und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.imis.uni-osnabrueck.de/" target="_blank"&gt;Institut für Migrationsforschung und Interkulturelle Studien (IMIS), Osnabrück, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pscw.uva.nl/imes" target="_blank"&gt;Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies (IMES), Amsterdam, Netherlands&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.iza.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ined.fr/" target="_blank"&gt;Institut national des études démographiques (INED), Paris, France&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.icmpd.org/" target="_blank"&gt;International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD), Vienna, Austria&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migration.ucc.ie/"&gt;Irish Centre for Migration Studies, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nidi.nl/" target="_blank"&gt;Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute (NIDI), The Hague, Netherlands&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migration-online.de/" target="_blank"&gt;Migration Online, Düsseldorf, Germany&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migpolgroup.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Migration Policy Group, Brussels, Belgium&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.geog.ucl.ac.uk/mru/" target="_blank"&gt;Migration Research Unit (MRU), University College London, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.osservatoriobalcani.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Osservatorio sui Balcani, Roma, Italy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.rsc.ox.ac.uk/" target="_blank"&gt;Refugee Studies Centre, Oxford University, UK&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migration-population.ch/" target="_blank"&gt;Swiss Forum for Migration and Population Studies (SFM), Neuchatel , Switzerland&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ercomer.org/wwwvl/" target="_blank"&gt;Virtual Library on Migration and Ethnic Relations (ERCOMER), University of Utrecht, Netherlands&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cis.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Center for Immigration Studies (CIS), Washington, DC, USA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class="content-weiss"&gt;&lt;a href="http://web.mit.edu/cis/www/migration/index.html" target="_blank"&gt;Inter-University Committee on International Migration, USA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class="content-weiss"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cmsny.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Centre for Migration Studies (CMS), New York, USA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class="content-weiss"&gt;&lt;a href="http://migration.ucdavis.edu" target="_blank"&gt;Migration Dialogue, San Diego, USA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class="content-weiss"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migrationpolicy.org/" target="_blank"&gt;Migration Policy Institute (MPI), Washington, DC, USA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-8203934767095583634?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8203934767095583634'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8203934767095583634'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/institutos-de-pesquisa-sobre-migraes.html' title='Institutos de Pesquisa sobre Migrações'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-6853871277582272124</id><published>2007-05-06T17:46:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T17:47:30.100-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog é desenvolvido como parte de uma investigação ampla sobre "Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento". Tal investigação compreende o projeto de iniciação científica denominado "Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil).&lt;br /&gt;O blog destina-se a divulgar informações e reflexões acerca de temas como a alteridade e as políticas de integração de estrangeiros, o fenômeno migratório e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas, as implicações para o desenvolvimento de Estados emissores e receptores de fluxos migratórios etc.&lt;br /&gt;As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-6853871277582272124?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6853871277582272124'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/6853871277582272124'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_06.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-4754131550697660892</id><published>2007-05-06T17:45:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T11:57:56.649-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Notícias - Mundo</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/worlds-population.html"&gt;World's Population&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/fluxos-migratrios-continuaro-aumentar.html"&gt;Fluxos migratórios continuarão a aumentar, segundo FIDH&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/6.html"&gt;OECD Factbook 2007: Migration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-4754131550697660892?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4754131550697660892'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4754131550697660892'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/notcias-mundo.html' title='Notícias - Mundo'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1708905426894513143</id><published>2007-05-06T17:45:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-19T19:15:05.812-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Notícias - Américas</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/1.html"&gt;Nafta Should Have Stopped Illegal Immigration, Right?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/niem-eua.html"&gt;[NIEM] EUA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1708905426894513143?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1708905426894513143'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1708905426894513143'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/notcias-amricas.html' title='Notícias - Américas'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-2192840520094784338</id><published>2007-05-06T17:44:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T18:36:26.043-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Notícias - Europa</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/2007/05/death-at-border.html"&gt;Death at the border&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/2007/05/denncias-de-violao-de-direitos-de.html"&gt;Denúncias de violação de direitos de imigrantes e minorias etnicas na Grécia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/2007/04/c.html"&gt;España tramita acuerdo de repatriación de menores con Senegal&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/2007/04/b.html"&gt;Extrema direita cria bloco formal no Parlamento Europeu&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/2007/04/blog-post.html"&gt;L’Europe de plus en plus exigeante avec ses immigrés&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/ireland-can-learn-on-immigration.html"&gt;Ireland 'can learn on immigration'&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/hostile-uk-fails-to-see-benefits-of.html"&gt;Hostile UK fails to see benefits of migration&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-2192840520094784338?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2192840520094784338'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2192840520094784338'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/notcias-europa.html' title='Notícias - Europa'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-1304177644720556495</id><published>2007-05-06T17:44:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-07T12:05:23.728-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Notícias - Ásia, África e Oceania</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/5.html"&gt;Australia, New Zealand&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-1304177644720556495?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1304177644720556495'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/1304177644720556495'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/notcias-sia-frica-e-oceania.html' title='Notícias - Ásia, África e Oceania'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-651814171415866436</id><published>2007-05-06T17:43:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-11T16:01:18.206-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Seminários, Congressos e Conferências</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.gfmd-fmmd.org/" target="_blanc"&gt;Global Forum on Migration and Development (9, 10 and 11 July 2007)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.international.metropolis.net/Call_papers/sydney_october07.pdf" target="_blanc"&gt;Immigrants as Citizens: Transnationalism and Incorporation as Future Directions in Turkish Relations with Australia, Europe and North America (6-7 October 2007) - Conference Announcement and Call for Papers&lt;/a&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="left"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/4.html"&gt;III Congreso Interoceánico de Estudios Latinoamericanos sobre Políticas de la diversidad y políticas de la integración - 3 al 5 de octubre de 2007 - Mendoza, Argentina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-651814171415866436?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/651814171415866436'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/651814171415866436'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/seminrios-congressos-e-conferncias.html' title='Seminários, Congressos e Conferências'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-4032159510884414733</id><published>2007-05-06T17:28:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T17:30:08.386-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-size:180%;"&gt;Em construção.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-4032159510884414733?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4032159510884414733'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4032159510884414733'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/direitos-humanos-migraes-internacionais.html' title='Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-4606947690131031976</id><published>2007-05-06T17:08:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:19.683-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;As migrações internacionais representam um fenômeno de grande importância nas relações internacionais. Suas conseqüências multidimensionais compreendem um leque temático que varia do impacto econômico para os países receptores e emissores de fluxos migratórios ao que se refere à segurança internacional (principalmente após 11 de setembro), passando pela preocupante desproteção dos migrantes no que concerne aos Direitos Humanos.&lt;br /&gt;Uma das grandes inquietudes manifestadas por alguns segmentos de sociedades de países desenvolvidos é a de que o fluxo migratório em direção a esses países é crescente, importando em incremento desproporcional dos gastos com infra-estrutura e serviços públicos. Outros segmentos dessas mesmas sociedades não desprezam a contribuição dos imigrantes para o crescimento econômico dessas nações. O debate político na Europa e nos Estados Unidos é acalorado e, muitas vezes, emocionalmente manipulado.&lt;br /&gt;Realmente, desde 1990, o número de migrantes internacionais em países desenvolvidos superou o número daqueles que se encontravam em países em desenvolvimento . A Divisão de População do Departamento de Assuntos Econômicos e Sociais das Nações Unidas, que tem entre suas funções a de monitoramento das migrações internacionais, publicou um relatório denominado Trends in Total Migrant Stock: The 2005 Revision. Segundo esse documento, entre 1960 e 2005, o número de migrantes internacionais mais que dobrou, passando de 75 milhões em 1960 para 191 milhões em 2005. O crescimento desses números também está relacionado com a fragmentação de Estados como a Tchecoslováquia, a antiga Iuguslávia e, principalmente, a União Soviética. A desintegração desses Estados promoveu uma descontinuidade nas estimativas globais quanto ao número de migrantes internacionais. Entre 1980 e 1990 houve um crescimento de 56 milhões no número de migrantes internacionais, que passa de 99 milhões para 155 milhões. Independentemente disso, o relatório das Nações Unidas aponta um aumento no número de migrantes internacionais em países desenvolvidos, conforme o gráfico que se segue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5061546609472330594" style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/Rj450veuW2I/AAAAAAAAAAk/Ir3B5Kdbd7k/s400/grafico_projeto.jpg" border="0" /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:78%;"&gt;Fonte: United Nations (2006). Trends in Total Migrant Stock: The 2005 Revision&lt;http:&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pelo gráfico acima, pode-se perceber a ascensão do fluxo migratório sul-norte (ainda que não contabilizadas as migrações entre as antigas Repúblicas Soviéticas) e a estabilização do fluxo congênere sul-sul.&lt;br /&gt;A abertura das fronteiras dos países dos países membros do Pacto de Varsóvia, inaugurada pela Hungria, em meados de 1989, teve por conseqüência uma migração massiva em direção aos países da Europa Ocidental. Tal evento migratório entra na contabilidade dos números encontrados em fim dos anos 80, contribuindo para o aumento do stock de imigrantes em países desenvolvidos.&lt;br /&gt;Em 2005, segundo o citado relatório das Nações Unidas, a Europa é o continente que mantém o maior número de imigrantes internacionais (64 milhões), seguida pela Ásia (53 milhões), América do Norte (44 milhões), África (17 milhões), América Latina e Caribe (cerca de 7 milhões) e Oceania (5 milhões). Considerando o total da população desses continentes, a Oceania é o continente que mantém o maior percentual de imigrantes internacionais: 15 por cento. Em seguida o relatório indica as proporções da América do Norte (com 13 por cento) e da Europa (com 9 por cento) em relação à população total. Os demais continentes apresentam uma fração menor que 2 por cento de imigrantes internacionais em sua população.&lt;br /&gt;Tanto as sociedades receptoras quanto as emissoras de fluxos migratórios são afetadas por eles. Um notório exemplo disso foi a contribuição da emigração em massa de países membros do Pacto de Varsóvia para o fim dos regimes socialistas do Leste Europeu. Essa mesma onda migratória em direção aos países europeus ocidentais – e, portanto, a presença de grandes contingentes de estrangeiros nessas sociedades – reforçou discursos, principalmente na França e na Alemanha, preocupados com o delineamento de uma identidade nacional, diante da acentuação do caráter multicultural dessas sociedades. Outros países, como Áustria e Finlândia, mobilizaram maiores contingentes militares de modo a guardar suas fronteiras contra influxos migratórios indesejáveis.&lt;br /&gt;A partir dos dados vistos acima, fica clara a importância do tema das migrações para as relações internacionais. O Curso de RI da Estácio de Sá consta em sua estrutura do Observatório de Conjuntura Internacional San Tiago Dantas, que proporciona aos alunos de graduação recursos para desenvolverem sua iniciação científica, entre eles, espaço físico – sala situada no 13º andar do campus Centro I (Avenida Presidente Vargas, 642, Centro) – e material de informática. A proposta do presente projeto visa a complementar as atividades do Observatório, permitindo que os alunos de graduação possam desenvolver sistemática e metodologicamente atividades concernentes ao tema das migrações internacionais, principalmente com a criação de uma rede virtual de informações. Tais atividades estarão dispostas segundo alguns fundamentos:&lt;br /&gt;1) Organização sistemática de dados disponíveis, particularmente na Internet;&lt;br /&gt;2) Identificação dos conceitos fundamentais relacionados às migrações internacionais, bem como os debates mais contemporâneos sobre o tema;&lt;br /&gt;3) Produção científica, com caráter didático, visando a investigar o conteúdo dos principais conceitos, segundo o estado da arte;&lt;br /&gt;4) Criação de uma rede virtual de informações entre instituições e pessoas interessadas no tema das migrações internacionais, por meio de manutenção de um sítio virtual sobre o tema, bem como por uma lista de e-mails, como espaço virtual de câmbio de informações.&lt;br /&gt;Dessa forma o presente projeto visa a se inserir em uma estrutura já constituída (Observatório San Tiago Dantas) no seio do Curso de RI da Estácio, de modo a adicionar às suas atividades, o estudo relativo ao tema das migrações internacionais. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-4606947690131031976?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4606947690131031976'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/4606947690131031976'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/rede-de-informaes-virtuais-sobre.html' title='Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/Rj450veuW2I/AAAAAAAAAAk/Ir3B5Kdbd7k/s72-c/grafico_projeto.jpg' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-775559219423241345</id><published>2007-05-05T17:53:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T18:29:01.288-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Projetos</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/rede-de-informaes-virtuais-sobre.html"&gt;Rede de Informações Virtuais sobre Migrações Internacionais&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/direitos-humanos-migraes-internacionais.html"&gt;Direitos Humanos, Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-775559219423241345?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/775559219423241345'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/775559219423241345'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes_05.html' title='Projetos'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-3564531966257995566</id><published>2007-05-05T17:47:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-05T17:49:47.637-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Ireland 'can learn on immigration'</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;"Integration and the issues surrounding it permeates the daily lives of every Irish man, woman and child". Michael mcDowell &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onclick="document.mailtheauthor.submit();return false;" href="http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/breaking/2007/0201/breaking40.htm#"&gt;Kath Kyle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ireland can learn from other countries when drawing up policies to aid the integration of new immigrants into society, Tánaiste Michael McDowell said today.&lt;br /&gt;"We have had to adapt quickly, and I believe we are taking significant steps in that adaptation," Mr McDowell said at the opening a conference on integration policy today. He called Ireland a "new kid on the block" in terms of having to deal with issues around immigration and integration but that this was a "unique position to draw upon the wisdom of other societies in handling this difficult issue".&lt;br /&gt;The Minister said: "We have little historical or constitutional basis for seeing ourselves as having a monochrome, monofilament authentic Irish identity surrounded by exceptional minorities."&lt;br /&gt;He also stated he had the opinion that "integration is a two way process - this has been Government policy since the late nineties, adding that "diversity should be respected and that society is all the richer for such respect.&lt;br /&gt;Tánaiste and Minister for Justice Michael McDowell&lt;br /&gt;"The successful use of diversity is very much contingent on identifying and establishing a common set of values in society. I believe that not only is this possible - it is, in fact, a necessary condition for successful integration policies," Mr McDowell said.&lt;br /&gt;"It is everyone's business because integration and the issues surrounding it permeates the daily lives of every Irish man, woman and child as they go about the daily business of their social, economic, religious and cultural lives."&lt;br /&gt;But, Mr McDowell said, that this "does not excuse Government from needing to play critical and leading roles."&lt;br /&gt;He said the functions of the new Integration Unit are being developed with preparatory work being done by the Reception and Integration Agency - a member of the Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-3564531966257995566?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/3564531966257995566'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/3564531966257995566'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/ireland-can-learn-on-immigration.html' title='Ireland &apos;can learn on immigration&apos;'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-901171964537553960</id><published>2007-05-05T17:39:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-05T17:45:39.778-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Hostile UK fails to see benefits of migration</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;By Scheherazade Daneshkhu in London and George Parker in Brussels&lt;br /&gt;Published: February 18 2007 22:09  Last updated: February 18 2007 22:09&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Britain’s economy may have benefited from the surge of migration from eastern Europe but its citizens have become more hostile than any other major west European country to receiving more migrants, according to a Financial Times poll.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Have your say&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a title="www.ft.com" href="http://www.ft.com/cms/6c2bf1ce-91b7-11da-bab9-0000779e2340.html?a=tpc&amp;s=646099322&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;f=451094803&amp;m=2431097441&amp;amp;r=2431097441#2431097441"&gt;Why are the British so anti-immigration?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The FT/Harris poll suggests that British politicians and economists have failed to persuade a sceptical public that an open-door policy to east European nations that joined the European Union in 2004 has helped to boost the national economy.&lt;br /&gt;But it indicates that ministers have correctly identified the desire for more controls on workers from abroad. The government imposed restrictions on workers from Bulgaria and Romania when these countries joined the EU on January 1 this year.&lt;br /&gt;Britain will also introduce a new immigration points system next year to give preference to young, highly skilled professionals and entrepreneurs.&lt;br /&gt;The survey found that 47 per cent of Britons believe migration by workers within the EU has been negative for the economy, almost double the 24 per cent of people who hold the same view in Spain. Meanwhile, 76 per cent of British respondents wanted to tighten border controls and 66 per cent said there were “too many foreigners” in the country, in both cases more than their counterparts in France, Italy, Spain or Germany. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://media.ft.com/cms/eb071914-bde0-11db-bd86-0000779e2340.gif" border="0" /&gt; &lt;div align="justify"&gt;The poll confirms that Britain remains a popular destination for European migrants – it comes second only to Spain – and it is regarded by respondents as having the healthiest economy, alongside Germany.&lt;br /&gt;The response of the 6,561 adults in Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the US also shows that many Europeans are open to the idea of working in another country, providing encouragement to those who believe the EU economy suffers from a lack of US-style labour mobility. The French are the most resistant to the idea of working in another country in spite of 73 per cent believing life in France was getting worse – the most pessimistic after Italy.&lt;br /&gt;A large proportion of UK citizens – 45 per cent – said they would consider quitting Britain to work in an EU country, with Spain most favoured.&lt;br /&gt;An estimated 198,000 British citizens emigrated from the UK in 2005, according to figures published last year by the Office for National Statistics, sustaining the high levels of emigration seen in recent years.&lt;br /&gt;A better quality of life was the main factor cited by Britons in the poll, although lower property prices, better weather and a cleaner environment were regarded as more important than greater job satisfaction.&lt;br /&gt;Spain’s transformation into one of Europe’s most vibrant economies is confirmed by the poll . Its citizens are relaxed about immigration and are the most optimistic among any big European country that their lives are getting better. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;img style="DISPLAY: block; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; CURSOR: hand; TEXT-ALIGN: center" alt="" src="http://media.ft.com/cms/16d9edaa-bde1-11db-bd86-0000779e2340.gif" border="0" /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-901171964537553960?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/901171964537553960'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/901171964537553960'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/hostile-uk-fails-to-see-benefits-of.html' title='Hostile UK fails to see benefits of migration'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-7917839839839758284</id><published>2007-05-04T22:12:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-04T22:13:25.609-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Este blog faz parte do projeto de investigação sobre "Migrações Internacionais e Desenvolvimento", produzido no âmbito do Curso de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil). Destina-se a pensar e discutir as questões relativas à alteridade, particularmente em face do fenômeno migratório, e seus efeitos nas relações sociais contemporâneas. As línguas adotadas nesse blog são o português, o espanhol, o inglês e o francês. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-7917839839839758284?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7917839839839758284'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/7917839839839758284'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/identidades-culturais-e-migraes.html' title='Identidades Culturais e Migrações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-8114611076967674860</id><published>2007-05-04T06:21:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-04T06:24:37.127-03:00</updated><title type='text'>L’Europe de plus en plus exigeante avec ses immigrés</title><content type='html'>&lt;div align="justify"&gt;Alors que la place de l’islam devient un sujet de débat, la méfiance n’est plus l’apanage de la seule extrême droite.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DE BRUXELLES&lt;br /&gt;L’Europe actuelle semble franchir une ligne invisible en ce qui concerne ses minorités musulmanes. L’idée que l’islam ne serait pas conciliable avec les valeurs européennes gagne les partis politiques traditionnels. “Vous avez vu ce qui s’est passé avec le pape”, fait valoir Patrick Goeman, propriétaire du Raga, un bar à vins branché du centre d’Anvers. “Il a dit que l’islam était une religion agressive. Et, dès le lendemain, ils tuent une bonne sœur quelque part et ils lui donnent raison. On est dans l’irrationnel.”&lt;br /&gt;Goeman n’a rien d’un extrémiste. Le soir où un parti d’extrême droite aux messages antimusulmans a organisé un meeting non loin de là, il a appelé les bars et les restaurants du quartier à fermer en signe de protestation. Ses craintes, il les partage avec des modérés de l’ensemble de l’Europe, qui trouvent anormal que la moindre critique de l’islam ou de l’immigration musulmane entraîne des menaces de violence.&lt;br /&gt;Pendant des années, pratiquement seule l’extrême droite donnait de la voix sur ces questions. Aujourd’hui, des citoyens et des politiques peu suspects d’extrémisme se demandent si l’on ne devrait pas poser des limites aux valeurs de tolérance et de multiculturalisme, autrefois incontestées.&lt;br /&gt;Jack Straw, l’ancien ministre des Affaires étrangères britannique [aujourd’hui ministre chargé des Relations avec de la Chambre des communes], semble avoir résumé la situation en disant qu’il trouvait gênant d’adresser la parole à des femmes au visage entièrement voilé. Le voile, écrit-il, “est la marque d’une séparation et d’une différence”. La limite entre la critique ouverte d’une autre communauté et l’intolérance est parfois ténue, et de nombreux musulmans pensent qu’elle est de plus en plus souvent franchie. “Il est clair que de part et d’autre les points de vue sont de plus en plus extrêmes”, affirme l’imam Wahid Pedersen, un Danois converti à l’islam. “Il est devenu politiquement correct de s’en prendre à l’islam, si bien que les modérés des deux bords ont du mal à rester raisonnables.” Le message est clair : adoptez notre culture ou partez ! Pedersen craint que les modérés ne finissent par harceler les musulmans – ceux-là mêmes qui, selon eux, doivent s’intégrer en Europe. En effet, de nombreux Européens, même s’ils sont par ailleurs favorables à l’immigration, évoquent déjà plus ouvertement les différences culturelles, en particulier les croyances religieuses et les valeurs sociales des musulmans, bien plus conservatrices que celles de la plupart des Européens sur des questions comme les droits de la femme ou l’homosexualité.&lt;br /&gt;“Beaucoup de gens, des progressistes, pas des nationalistes, pas l’extrême droite, disent : ‘Cette religion est là, elle joue un rôle et remet en cause nos acquis des années 1960 et 1970’”, note le Néerlandais Joost Lagendijk, député européen appartenant aux Verts, une formation qui s’intéresse aux problèmes des musulmans. “D’où cette crainte d’être ramené de nombreuses années en arrière et de devoir expliquer aux immigrés que les hommes et les femmes sont égaux et que les gays doivent être bien traités. Ce qui signifierait que tout est à recommencer.” Aux Pays-Bas, la crainte de voir les valeurs de tolérance menacées est telle que les candidats à l’immigration doivent désormais visionner un DVD qui montre brièvement des femmes les seins nus et deux hommes en train de s’embrasser. Ce film ne cite pas expressément les musulmans, mais sa cible est tout aussi claire que son message : adoptez notre culture ou partez !&lt;br /&gt;La question la plus délicate est sans doute celle de la liberté d’expression, avec pour corollaire la peur de voir la moindre critique de l’islam déclencher des violences. En France, le professeur de philosophie Robert Redeker a été menacé de mort pour avoir publié [le 19 septembre 2006, dans Le Figaro] un article dans lequel il avait qualifié le prophète Mahomet de “chef de guerre impitoyable, pillard, massacreur de juifs et polygame”. A chaque incident, les politiques modérés s’expriment de plus en plus franchement. “Face à ceux qui veulent pratiquer la violence au nom de l’islam, l’autocensure n’est pas une solution”, a déclaré la chancelière Angela Merkel, critiquant l’annulation de l’opéra de Mozart Idoménée à Berlin. “Il est absurde de battre en retraite.”&lt;br /&gt;La réaction de rejet se fait sentir également d’autres manières. En septembre dernier, le ministre de l’Intérieur britannique, John Reid, a appelé les parents musulmans à surveiller de près leurs enfants. “On ne peut pas dire cela avec des mots choisis”, a-t-il déclaré à une association musulmane des quartiers est de Londres. “Ces fanatiques cherchent à embrigader les enfants, y compris les vôtres, pour en faire des kamikazes.”&lt;br /&gt;En raison de ce nouvel état d’esprit, de nombreux musulmans ont le sentiment qu’on attend désormais d’eux qu’ils deviennent exactement comme leurs hôtes européens. Dyab Abou Jahjah, un Belge né au Liban [dirigeant de la Ligue arabe européenne], a rappelé que pendant des années les Européens avaient mis l’accent sur “la citoyenneté et les droits de l’homme”, à savoir cette idée que les immigrants musulmans devaient respecter la loi, mais qu’ils pouvaient par ailleurs vivre conformément à leurs traditions. “Puis voilà qu’on nous dit que la règle du jeu a changé”, s’indigne Jahjah, qui est opposé à l’assimilation. “Nous devrions renoncer à notre culture et à notre religion. Nous ne sommes plus du tout dans la même logique.”&lt;br /&gt;Dan Bilefsky et Ian Fisher&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.courrierinternational.com/planetepresse/planeteP_notule.asp?not_id=3811"&gt;Courrier International&lt;/a&gt;, 01/02/07.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/"&gt;Retornar à página principal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-8114611076967674860?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8114611076967674860'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8114611076967674860'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/leurope-de-plus-en-plus-exigeante-avec.html' title='L’Europe de plus en plus exigeante avec ses immigrés'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-8125673372902477082</id><published>2007-05-04T05:50:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T21:45:09.890-03:00</updated><title type='text'>WEBs sobre Migração - Organizações Internacionais</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.un.org/" target="_blanc"&gt;ONU - Organizaçao das Nações Unidas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span class="content-weiss"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.un.org/spanish/News/migration/" target="_blanc"&gt;ONU - Diálogo de alto nivel sobre la migración internacional y el desarrollo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.un.org/esa/population/unpop.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;ONU - Population Division&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.un.int/iom/IOM-HLD.html" target="_blanc"&gt;IOM - International Organization for Migration&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.un.int/iom/GMG.html" target="_blanc"&gt;IOM - Global Migration Group (GMG)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ilo.org/global/lang--es/index.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;OIT - Organización Internacional del Trabajo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/migrant/" target="_blanc"&gt;OIT - Migraciones Internacionales&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/"&gt;Retornar ao Menu Principal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-8125673372902477082?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8125673372902477082'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8125673372902477082'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/webs-sobre-migrao-organizaes.html' title='WEBs sobre Migração - Organizações Internacionais'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-243930394343215349</id><published>2007-05-04T00:08:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2008-12-08T20:19:19.834-03:00</updated><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/Rjqkt_euW1I/AAAAAAAAAAc/amPRGv80F7g/s1600-h/IMG_1358.JPG"&gt;&lt;img id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5060538241345542994" style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; CURSOR: hand" alt="" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/Rjqkt_euW1I/AAAAAAAAAAc/amPRGv80F7g/s200/IMG_1358.JPG" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;color:#ff9900;"&gt;Rickson Rios&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/RjqkD_euWzI/AAAAAAAAAAM/7fd7BX9Z9XM/s1600-h/IMG_1358.JPG"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Professor de Direito Internacional nos cursos de Direito e de Relações Internacionais da Universidade Estácio de Sá (Rio de Janeiro), professor da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), doutorando no Instituto de Direitos Humanos da Universidade de Valencia (Espanha), Mestre em Direito (UGF) e pós-graduado em História Contemporânea (UFF). &lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h2 class="sidebar-title"&gt;Meus outros blogs&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://ricksonrios.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Essencial - blog pessoal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://direito-internacional-privado.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Direito Internacional Privado UNESA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://direitodocomerciointernacional.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;D. do Comércio Internacional UNESA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://direito-romano.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Direito Romano UFF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://direito-privado.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Direito Privado UFF&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://irbr.blogspot.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Itamaraty ARGUS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://rocamblog.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Rocamblog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://relblog.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"&gt;RelBlog&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://gotorel.wordpress.com/" target="_blank"&gt;Go to Rel!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/"&gt;Retornar ao Menu Principal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div align="justify"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-243930394343215349?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/243930394343215349'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/243930394343215349'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/professor-de-direito-internacional-da.html' title=''/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_Ry3csWPxyzk/Rjqkt_euW1I/AAAAAAAAAAc/amPRGv80F7g/s72-c/IMG_1358.JPG' height='72' width='72'/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-8108133462885120818</id><published>2007-05-03T23:57:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T22:15:04.785-03:00</updated><title type='text'>WEBs sobre Migração - Espanha</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Centros de investigación y difusión de información y estadísticas&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ieg.csic.es/" target="_blanc"&gt;AGE - Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.aemic.org/" target="_blanc" target="_blanc"&gt;AEMIC - Asociación para el Estudio de los Exilios y Migraciones Ibéricos Contemporáneos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ced.uab.es/" target="_blanc"&gt;CED - Centre d'Estudis Demogràfics&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.unav.es/cee/pagina_3.html" target="_blanc"&gt;CEE - Centro de Estudios Europeos de la Universidad de Navarra&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ceimigra.net/" target="_blanc" target="_blanc"&gt;CEIM - Centro de Estudios para la Integración Social y la Formación de Inmigrantes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://selene.uab.es/cedime/" target="_blanc" target="_blanc"&gt;GEdIME- Grup d`Estudis d`Immigració i Minories Étniques. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.emigratio.com/" target="_blanc"&gt;CEPAM - Centro de Estudios de Economía, Población y Migraciones&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mec.es/cide/jsp/plantillaIn.jsp?id=inn02d" target="_blanc"&gt;CIDE - Centro de Investigación y Documentación Educativa. Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cidob.org/es" target="_blanc"&gt;CIDOB - Centro de Investigación, Docencia y Documentación de Relaciones Internacionales y Desarrollo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.fuhem.es/portal/areas/paz/index.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;CIP - Centro de Investigaciones por la Paz&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.eurosur.org/CIPIE/" target="_blanc"&gt;CIPIE - Fundación Iberoamérica-Europa&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cis.es/cis/opencms/ES/index.html" target="_blanc"&gt;CIS - Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. Ministerio de la Presidencia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nodo50.org/ioe/" target="_blanc"&gt;Colectivo Ioé - Intervención Sociológica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pcb.ub.es/homePCB/live/es/p576.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;CREA - Centre de Recerca Social i Educativa. Universidad de Barcelona&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pcb.ub.es/crea/proyectos/amal/index.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;CREA-AMAL - Inmigración y Mercado Laboral. Universidad de Barcelona&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Instituciones Públicas y Administraciones&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.madrid.org/cs/Satellite?pagename=PortalInmigrante/Page/INMI_home&amp;language=es" target="_blanc"&gt;InmigraMadrid - Portal de Integración y Convivencia de la Comunidad de Madrid&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.icam.es/_noticias/ex/noticias_ex_1.jsp" target="_blanc"&gt;ICAM - Ilustre Colegio de Abogados de Madrid - Aula de Migración&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.aulaintercultural.org/" target="_blanc"&gt;Aula Intercultural - Proyecto de FETE-UGT - Federación de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Asociaciones, fundaciones y ONGs&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.accem.es/" target="_blanc"&gt;ACCEM - Asociación Comisión Católica Española de Migración&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.arabismo.com/" target="_blanc"&gt;Arabismo.com - Información sobre la lengua e la cultura árabe&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://bayt-al-thaqafa.org/index.html" target="_blanc"&gt;Bayt Al-Thaqafa - Fundación Bayt al-Thaqafa de integración cultural y social de los inmigrantes arabo-musulmanes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.pangea.org/aecgit/" target="_blanc"&gt;AECGIT - Asociación de Enseñantes con Gitanos&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.asti-madrid.com/" target="_blanc"&gt;ASTI - Asociación de Solidaridad con los Trabajadores inmigrantes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/"&gt;Retornar ao Menu Principal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-8108133462885120818?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8108133462885120818'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/8108133462885120818'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/espanha-centros-de-investigacin-y.html' title='WEBs sobre Migração - Espanha'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6802155224361760123.post-2518356515968360745</id><published>2007-05-03T22:42:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2007-05-06T22:01:31.038-03:00</updated><title type='text'>WEBs sobre Migração - Brasil</title><content type='html'>&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sítios Governamentais&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.justica.gov.br/data/Pages/LUMISA21B014BPTBRIE.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;MJ - Ministério da Justiça (MJ)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.justica.gov.br/data/Pages/LUMIS33FCEB63PTBRIE.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;MJ - Departamento de Estrangeiros&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.justica.gov.br/data/Pages/LUMIS7605B707ITEMID5246DEB0F8CB4C1A8B9B54B473B697A4PTBRIE.htm" target="_blanc"&gt;MJ - Refúgio - CONARE&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dpf.gov.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;MJ - Departamento de Polícia Federal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.trabalho.gov.br/default.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;MT - Ministério do Trabalho&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.trabalho.gov.br/trab_estrang/default.asp" target="_blanc"&gt;MT - Trabalho Estrangeiro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mre.gov.br/"&gt;MRE - Ministério das Relações Exteriores&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/" target="_blanc"&gt;IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Associações, Fundações e ONGs&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.adital.org.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;ADITAL - Agência de Informação Frei Tito para a América Latina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.caritas.org.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;Cáritas Arquidiocesana - São Paulo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.cemsp.com.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;CEM - Centro de Estudos Migratórios&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migrante.org.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;IMDH - Instituto Migrações e Direitos Humanos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://br.groups.yahoo.com/group/niem_rj/" target="_blanc"&gt;NIEM-RJ - Núcleo Interdisciplinar de Estudos Migratórios do Rio de Janeiro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.migracoes.com.br/" target="_blanc"&gt;SPM - Serviço Pastoral dos Migrantes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;a href="http://identidadesculturais.blogspot.com/"&gt;Retornar ao Menu Principal&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/6802155224361760123-2518356515968360745?l=migratione.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/feeds/2518356515968360745/comments/default' title='Postar comentários'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=6802155224361760123&amp;postID=2518356515968360745' title='0 Comentários'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2518356515968360745'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6802155224361760123/posts/default/2518356515968360745'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://migratione.blogspot.com/2007/05/webs-sobre-migrao-brasil.html' title='WEBs sobre Migração - Brasil'/><author><name>Rickson Rios</name><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='http://img2.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>
